Leadership and Management are the most discussed and controversial topics in business nowadays. The line between the two concepts cannot be identified, which raises the debates around the roles of managers and leaders within the organization. This paper critically analysis 20th and 21st-century per...
Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................1
Section I.......................................................................................................................................................2
Definitions...............................................................................................................................................2
Leadership...........................................................................................................................................2
Management.......................................................................................................................................3
Roles and Responsibilities........................................................................................................................3
Leadership...........................................................................................................................................3
Management.......................................................................................................................................4
Interceptions of Roles and Responsibilities.........................................................................................5
Contemporary theories...........................................................................................................................5
Transformational leadership................................................................................................................5
Autocratic Leadership..........................................................................................................................7
Charismatic Leadership........................................................................................................................8
Authentic Leadership.........................................................................................................................10
Section II....................................................................................................................................................12
…….............................................................................................................................................................12
References.................................................................................................................................................12
, Introduction
Leadership and Management are the most discussed and controversial topics in
business nowadays. The line between the two concepts cannot be identified,
which raises the debates around the roles of managers and leaders within the
organization. This paper critically analysis 20th and 21st-century perspectives on
the subject. Section I of the paper contains a research of the intersections
between the roles and responsibilities of leadership and management and
investigates current leadership perspectives. Section II relates to the critical skills
and behaviors required to be a successful 21st leader, methodological approach to
implementation, and evaluation of those skills.
, Section I
Definitions
To analyze the subject of Leadership and Management in a different context, we
must initially identify the definitions of each term from different perspectives.
Leadership
“Leadership is the process of influencing others to understand and agree about
what needs to be done and how to do it, and the process of facilitating individual
and collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives” (Yukle, 2006: 8).
There are as many definitions of leadership as people attempted to shape the
term into the words (Stogdill, 1974). Therefore, each definition must be viewed in
the context of a theoretical approach.
Some authors empathize that leaders possess certain personality traits that
differentiate them from others (Kirkpatrick & Locke, 1991). Key traits include
drive, leadership motivation, honesty, integrity, self-confidence, cognitive ability,
and knowledge of the business. The author claims that through this set of traits
leaders can acquire skills crucial for effective leadership.
From the other perspective, we can identify a leader through certain skills. Some
of them include self-knowledge, the ability to learn and take risks (Bennis, 1974).
Furthermore, a survey of the leaders of 197 companies showed that the top
competencies of effective leadership are strong ethics and moral standards, the
ability to shape the goals without strict guidelines to their achievement, and able
to communicate the expectations to the followers (Giles, 2016).
Leadership as we know it nowadays went through different stages during its
history (Daft, 2008). The concept of leadership went from the "Great Man” theory
to “Learning Leadership”, which is more focused on the followers and helps the
leader to tailor their approach to the follower's needs.
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