Summary
Summary metals
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provides information on the most important and abundant metals in the world and its extraction methods
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MetalsExtractions methods
Metals Ores Sym Method of extraction Cold H20 Steam Acid
Potassium Potassium in sea water KCl Electrolysis of molten ores CAN CAN CAN
Common salt Common salt NaCl
Calcium Limestone CaCO3
Magnesium Magnesite MgCO3 MM
CAN
Aluminium Bauxite Al2O3
Zinc Zinc Blende ZnS Sulphide — heat with air → oxide
Oxide — heat in carbon → metal
Iron Haematite Fe2O3
Lead Galena PbS (Also called carbon reduction) MM
CAN
Copper Copper Oxide CuO MM
CAN
Copper Pyrite CuFeS2 Sulphide — heat in air → metal
Mercury Cinnabar HgS
Silver Silver glance Ag2S Heat
Free in nature / Mechanical Separation
Platinum Free in nature /
Gold Free in nature /
Iron (III) oxide + carbon — heat → iron + carbon dioxide
1. Carbon is oxidised (gain oxygen) to form carbon dioxide
2. Iron (III) is reduced (lose oxygen) to form metallic iron → Fe extracted
Chemical bonds
1. The more reactive the metal → stronger the chemical bond between metal and the other element
2. More difficult to separate them
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