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CBT Exam 2 Question and answers already passed 2023
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CBT Exam 2 Question and answers already passed 2023
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CBT Exam 2Token economy - correct answer A system for motivating clients to perform desirable
behaviors and to refrain from performing undesirable behaviors. Clients earn token
reinforcers for the former and lose them fro the latter (tomens can be tanglible chips or
symbolic points.) *often used for a group of clients*
Backup reinforcers - correct answer Exchanged for tokens
Teodoro Ayllon and Nathan Azrin - correct answer Token economy for hospitalized
patients with chronic psychiatric disorders 1961 Anna State Hospital in southern Illinois
Basic elements of a token economy - correct answer 1) a list of target hebaviors a
client can earn or lose for performing each
2) a list of backup reinforcers, includg the token cost of each
3) the tyoe of token used
4) specific procedures and rules for running the token economy.
The community training center - correct answer A day treatment program for
individuals previously hospitalized for chronic psychiatric disorders, employed a token
economy to motivate learning daily living and social skills needed for independent living.
(Run as a school in which skills are taught in classes)
-developed by Michael Spiegler and Haig Agigian at the Palo Alto Veterans
Administration Hospital.
The community training center - correct answer Original name= day treatment center
program
-changed to emphasize training rather than treatment
-signified training for COMMUNITY living
-trainee substituted for patient
-trainees graduated rather than being discharged
Credit systems - correct answer -credits were the units of exchange
-credit cards received each day
4 principles important in all token economies - correct answer 1) criteria for earning
credits were clearly defined
2) the staff made trainees aware of the criteria
3) staff members awarded credits as soon as possible after the target behavior occurred
4) the program paired earning credits with social reinforcers
Reinforcement room - correct answer Large area where trainees could engage in
various pleasurable activities
The crediteria - correct answer Where the trainees used their tokens
, -drinks
-snacks
-toiletries
-hobby items
Rehospitalization - correct answer Critical measure of effectiveness of treatment
(community training center is consistently lowest compared to other programs.
Achievement place (established by Wolf in Lawrence, Kansas 1967) - correct answer
Home-style, residential rehabilitation program for juveniles in trouble with the law that
employed a token economy
-known as the teaching family model
-mainly for boys committing petty theft, and fighting.
-run by two teaching parents (Elery and Elaine Phillips, married couple trained in
behavior therapy)
Daily system - correct answer Points exchangeable each day for backup reinforcers
Weekly system - correct answer Point exchanged for reinforcers at the end of the
week
Merit system - correct answer Ready to leave in the near future
Token economies have been applied to... - correct answer -teach self-care and daily
living skills to clients with intellectual disability
-to modify classroom conduct and academic performance in schoolchildren.
Treatment gains often decline... unless... - correct answer Procedures to foster
durability of change
- gradually withdrawing tokens while increasing natural reinforcers
- using intermittent reinforcement
-establishing the same reinforcement contingencies used in token programs in clients
natural environments.
Contingency contract - correct answer Written agreement that specifies the
relationship between target behaviors and their consequences for a particular client and
responsibilities of all the participants in the contract.
1)unambiguous statements of the target behaviors
2) consequences for performing them or failing to perform them
3) the precise contingency between each target behavior and its consequences.
Behavioral parent training - correct answer Involves teaching parents behavior
therapy procedures to effectively change their children's noncompliant and disruptive
behaviors.
Major therapies taught. - correct answer - positive reinforcement
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