Class notes
Political Ideologies - Feminism Unit
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Full notes for this unit of the Edexcel A Level in Government and Politics
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FEMINISM1) Origins and Development
2) Redefining ‘the political’
3) Patriarchy
4) Sex and Gender
5) Equality and Difference
6) Perspectives on Gender
7) Liberal Feminism
8) Socialist Feminism
9) Radical Feminism
10) Third-wave feminism
11) Feminism in a global age
Origins and Development
Two basic beliefs: women are disadvantaged due to their sex; this disadvantage can and should
be overthrown.
First Wave Feminism: same legal and political rights as men (mid-nineteenth century)
Pisan: ‘Book of the City of Ladies’ (Italy, 1405)
- Foreshadowed modern feminism
- Advocated women’s right to education and political influence
Wollstonecraft: ‘A Vindication of the Rights of Woman’ (1967)
- French Revolution
- The campaign for female suffrage
1867: HoC defeated the first attempt to introduce female suffrage (an amendment to the Second
Reform Act proposed by John Mill)
1903: Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) led by Pankhurst
- Campaign of direct action
1918: Female suffrage for Women (didn’t receive equal voting for a further decade)
Right to vote weakened movement:
- Suffrage campaign united and inspired movement with a clear goal/ coherent structure
- Many activists believed women now had full emancipation
Second Wave Feminism: more radical concern with ‘women’s liberation’ in 1960s/70s
- Achievement of political/ legal rights hadn't solved the ‘women’s question’
Friedan: ‘The Feminine Mystique’ (1963)
- Frustration women experienced due to role as housewife and mother
Millett: ‘Sexual Politics’ (1970) & Greer: ‘The Female Eunuch’ (1970)
- Personal, psychological and sexual aspects of female oppression
- ‘Women’s liberation’
- Social change
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