CTB 8: anaphylaxis: a cardiovascular-respiratory problem
3 views 0 purchase
Course
Cardiovascular and thoracic biology
Institution
Imperial College London (ICL)
Lecture notes from Imperial College London, Medical Biosciences BSc, 2nd year, cardiovascular and thoracic biology (CTB) module.
CTB 8 on anaphylaxis: a not uncommon allergic, potentially life-threatening condition that involves both the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
learning object...
Anaphylaxis: cardiovascular-respiratory pb
- anaphylaxis/ anaphylactic ‘shock’: life-threatening allergic reaction
=> often young people & females
=> 50-200 episodes per 100,000 person-years
=> lifetime prevalence of 0.05-2% (% of individuals at some pt in their life)
=> up to 1500 deaths per year in the USA
=> rates are increasing: 3-fold increase 1994-2004 in adults & 5-fold increase in children
What is anaphylaxis?
- 4 signs of acute inflammation (by Celsus): - rubor (redness): vasodilation
- calor (heat): vasodilation
from post-capillary venules
- tumor (swelling): plasma exudation into tissues
- dolor (pain): activated sensory nerves
- 5th sign (by Galen): loss/ disturbance of function
- anaphylaxis features:
=> rapid onset (~10-30min)
=> swelling (urticaria/ angio-oedema)
=> itching & tingling (picotements) of the skin (pruritus)
=> reddening (erythema): red rashes (éruption cutanée)
=> rhinitis (runny nose), conjunctivitis (runny eyes)
=> nausea, abdominal pain...
=> breathing difficulty (laryngeal oedema, airway constriction)
=> hypotension => fainting, dizziness...
=> tachycardia
- treatment: injections of adrenaline (epinephrine) => Epipen
Inducers of anaphylaxis
- antigen/ allergen: ‘innocuous’ protein/ chemical that triggers anaphylaxis reaction
=> food (especially children): nuts, milk, eggs, soya, blue cheese...
=> venom: bees/ wasps stings
=> drugs (especially old people): muscle relaxants (anaesthetics), antibiotics (penicillin), non-
steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aspirin
(also latex, hair dye...)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lisaribau. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.31. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
