Update MedSurg Final Practice Questions 2023

Med Surg Final Exam Practice Questions

Repeated:
1) In teaching a patient about coronary artery disease, the nurse explains the changes that
occur in this disorder include: ( SATA)
a. a diffuse involvement of plaque formation in the coronary veins
b. abnormal levels of cholesterol, especially low-density lipoproteins
c. accumulation of lipid and fibrous tissue within the coronary arteries
d. development of angina due to a decreased blood supply to the heart muscle
e. chronic vasoconstriction of coronary arteries leading to permanent vasospasm

2) A nurse is reviewing the serum laboratory findings for a patient who has hypertension and is
prescribed hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the
provider?
a. calcium 10 mg/dL
b. chloride 99 mEq/L
c. sodium 136 mEq/L
d. Potassium 3.3 mEq/L

OR

2B) ​37. A nurse is reviewing the serum lab findings for a pt who has hypertension and is
prescribed hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following findings should the nurse report?
a. Sodium 136 mEq/L
b. Potassium 2.3 mEq/L
c. Chloride 99 mEq/L
d. Calcium 10 mg/dL

3)​ A nurse is performing an admission assessment on patient.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the patient is
dehydrated?
a. increased respiration
b. low body temperature
c. jugular vein distention
d. Blood pressure 178/90mm Hg

OR:

3B)​ A nurse is performing an admission on a patient. Which of the following findings should the
nurse identify as an indication that the patient is dehydrated?
a. Low body temperature
b. Jugular vein distention

, c. Skin tenting present
d. Blood pressure 178/90 mm Hg

4) ​8. A nurse is caring for a patient who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy due to his
NPO status. Which of the following solutions should the nurse prepare to infuse for this patient?
a. Lactated Ringer’s
b. Dextrose 10% in water
c. 0.45% sodium chloride
d. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride

5)​ A postoperative patient with nasogastric tube that is attached to low suction has a change in
condition. An arterial blood reveals the following: pH=7.50, PCO2= 39, HCO3=3.0. How would the
nurse interpret these values?
a. Metabolic acidosis
b. Metabolic alkalosis
c. Respiratory acidosis
d. Respiratory alkalosis

6)​ When taking the blood pressure of a patient after a parathyroidectomy, the nurse notes that the
patient’s hand has gone into flexion contractions. Which laboratory results does the nurse correlate
with this condition?
a. serum calcium, 6.9 mg/dL
b. Serum sodium, 122 mEq/L
c. Serum potassium, 2.9 mEq/L
d. Serum potassium, 5.8 mEq/

7) ​19. A patient with osteoarthritis is scheduled for a total hip arthroplasty. The nurse explains the
purpose of this procedure is to: (SATA)
a. Fuse the joint
b. Replace the join​t
c. Prevent further damage
d. Improve or maintain ROM
e. Decrease the amount of destruction in the joint

8)​ In a patient with prolonged vomiting, the nurse monitors for fluid volume deficit because vomiting
results in
a. Fluid movement from the cells into interstitial space and the blood vessels
b. Excretion of large amounts of interstitial fluid with depletion of extracellular fluids
c. An overload of extracellular fluids with a significant increase in intracellular fluid volume
d. Fluid movement from the vascular system into the cells, causing cellular swe... and rupture.

9) The nurse is conducting patient teaching about cholesterol levels. When discussing the patient’s
elevated LDL and lowered HDL levels, the patient shows understanding of the significance of these
levels by stating what?