Summary USA (HIC) & Laos (LIDC) Migration A-Level Geography Case Studies
51 views 1 purchase
Course
Migration
Institution
OCR
Book
OCR A Level Geography Second Edition
Detailed case studies of the USA and the Laos-Thailand partnership for the OCR A-level Geography Migration topic, including migration metrics, their positive and negative impacts and exam top-tips
Summary notes OCR A Level Geography Coastal Landscapes
Summary notes OCR A Level Geography Earth's life support systems
OCR A-level Geography ELSS Case Study - Arctic Tundra
All for this textbook (41)
Written for
A/AS Level
OCR
Geography
Migration
All documents for this subject (8)
Seller
Follow
louisaneill
Reviews received
Content preview
Mexican influx slowing due to tightening border control + returnees but Asian
immigrants are increasing (China + India) = opportunities and challenges for USA:
Patterns of Immigration, Emigration
Opportunities presented by migration
❖ 2013: 41.3mil migrants living in the USA = 13% of total pop.
✓ Immigrants take low-skilled jobs that Americans don’t want = economic
❖ 78 nationalities with >50,000 people each
growth
❖ 28% Mexican, 5% Indian, 5% Chinese, 4% Filipino
✓ Eg: 2013 Mexican employment 31% services, ¼ construction,
❖ Rate of increase is slowing manufacturing + natural resources
❖ 2.98mil US citizens living abroad in 2013 + growing ✓ China (51%) + India (73%) fills highly skilled immigrant gap
❖ Emigration destinations = Mexico, Canada, UK, Puerto Rico - ✓ In an ageing pop. with a declining birth rate, young migrants are socially
mostly by children of Mexican + Latin American immigrants + + economically (tax base) beneficial
skilled workers moving to countries with historical ties to USA ✓ Immigrants are consumers = helps job creation, start-ups + generates
wealth
Migration Policies ✓ More diverse pool of skills + intelligence = large proportion of Nobel
Prize winners/artists/etc.
o Immigration + Naturalisation Act = current governing legislation
o Annual quota limit of 675,000 permanent immigrants (not Challenges presented by migration
including refugees)
• 11.5mil unauthorised immigrants (6 mil Mexican) in USA
o 480,000 visas available for family reunification
• Other Latin Americans use Mexico as a transit country
o 140,000 visas available for highly skilled workers normally • Resulted in tightening of borders by Homeland Security
sponsored by an employer, with a limit for each country • Congress passes new immigration bills to strengthen refugee screening
o Annually changing refugee visas, humanitarian relief visas +
Case study of an AC
in December 2015
driver + influence
Diversity Immigrant Visa • Uneven progress in integration of different immigrant groups due to
o Obama’s program: DACA allowed nearly 700,000 immigrants who of migration - USA differing language, culture and relative size = conflict + tension
came to USA illegally as children to stay + work legally wt. • Large concentration of immigrants = limited supply of resources +
amnesty from deportation for at least 2 years (can be renewed) services
o Trump hates both and has had ICE carry out mass deportations of • Eg: high demand for water supply in S. California
illegal immigrants, many of whom have been residents for >10yrs • Employers may take advantage of illegal immigrants + pay them less
Why is the country so attractive to than living wage
Interdependence with other countries immigrants? • US citizens may compete with illegal immigrants for jobs
• Taxpayers foot the bill for illegal immigrants but some illegal immigrants
➢ USA-Mexico = world’s largest bilateral migrant corridor 1. Positive immigration policy +
also pay taxes yet do not receive benefits
➢ 2013: 11.5mil Mexicans living in USA, 1mil Americans living in possibility of obtaining a
Mexico = connectivity of diasporas Green Card (permanent
➢ Low-skilled illegally immigrated Mexicans support US economy in residency)
agriculture, construction + basic services 2. Employment opportunities
➢ 2013: Remittances make up 2% of Mexico’s GDP = US$22bil across a range of skill levels
➢ NAFTA formation = growing bilateral trade = benefits to Mexican 3. Wage differentials +
aerospace + IT development from US FDI remittances
➢ Difficult political relations but increasing co-operation in border 4. Improved quality of + access
security, war on drugs, etc to services
➢ Joint management of Colorado River Basin 5. Family reunification within
migration policy
6. Policy of refugee admission
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller louisaneill. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.15. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
