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Essentials of Criminal Justice 7th International Edition by Larry J. Siegel - Test Bank

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Essentials Of Criminal Justice 7th International E

Test Bank For Essentials of Criminal Justice 7th International Edition by Larry J. Siegel Chapter 3—Criminal Law: Substance and Procedure MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. American civil law is primarily concerned with: a. compensating the injured party for harm. b. protecting the public against harm....

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Essentials of Criminal Justice 7th International E
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,Chapter 1—Crime and Criminal Justice

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. If someone were to comment to you that crime in the United States is a contemporary problem, you
would respond by saying:
a. Crime is not a contemporary problem but has been evolving since the nation was founded.
b. Crime rates today are higher than they were in the nineteenth and early twentieth
centuries.
c. In a historical sense, crime peaked during Civil War times and has been diminishing since
that era.
d. Crime today is comparable to the lawlessness of the Old West.
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 OBJ: 01-02

2. Which of the following statements is true?
a. From 1900 to 1935, the U.S. experienced a sustained increase in criminal activity.
b. Organized gangs flourished in the largest cities of the U.S. in the early 1900s.
c. The first criminal gangs formed before the Civil War in urban slums.
d. All of the above statements are true.
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 OBJ: 01-02

3. What commission, appointed by President Herbert Hoover, made a detailed analysis of the U.S. justice
system and helped usher in the era of treatment and rehabilitation?
a. Chicago Crime Commission
b. American Bar Foundation Commission
c. Wickersham Commission
d. President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 8 OBJ: 01-03

4. The use of the term "criminal justice system" reflected a view that justice agencies could be connected
in an intricate yet often unobserved network of decision-making processes. When was the term
"criminal justice system" first used?
a. After the findings of the Chicago Crime Commission
b. After the findings of the American Bar Foundation project
c. After the findings of the Wickersham Commission
d. After the findings of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration
of Justice
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 8 OBJ: 01-03

5. In the 1950s, the American Bar Foundation project discovered that:
a. Most citizens were fearful of the police.
b. Racial profiling was a serious problem.
c. Most crime was not reported to the police.
d. The justice system kept many procedures hidden from the public.
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 8 OBJ: 01-03

6. The contemporary criminal justice system can be divided into three main components:
a. Law enforcement, the courts, and the legislature.
b. The courts, the correctional system, and the legislature.

, c. Law enforcement, the courts, and the correctional system.
d. Law enforcement, the correctional system, and the legislature.
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 10 OBJ: 01-04

7. The criminal justice system is vast and costs federal, state, and local governments:
a. About $65 billion per year.
b. About $115 billion per year.
c. About $165 billion per year.
d. About $215 billion per year.
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 9 OBJ: 01-05

8. What is known about the correctional population in the United States over the past decade?
a. The correctional population has been consistently decreasing with 7 million people
currently under the control of the correctional system.
b. The correctional population has been consistently increasing with 7 million people
currently under the control of the correctional system.
c. The correctional population has fluctuated widely over the years with 7 million people
currently under the control of the correctional system.
d. The correctional population has remained steadily constant with 7 million people currently
under the control of the correctional system.
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 12 OBJ: 01-05

9. Criminal justice can be viewed as a process that takes an offender through a series of decision points,
beginning with arrest and concluding with reentry. Which of the following is an extralegal factor that
critics argue may be involved in this process?
a. Offender's race
b. Offender's prior record
c. Seriousness of offense
d. Available evidence
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 13 OBJ: 01-06

10. Discretion by police officers occurs during the first four stages of the criminal justice process. In order,
what are those stages?
a. Initial contact, arrest, charging, custody
b. Initial contact, investigation, arrest, charging
c. Initial contact, investigation, arrest, custody
d. Initial contact, arrest, investigation, charging
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 13-14 OBJ: 01-06

11. If the prosecution can present sufficient evidence, the grand jury will issue a(n) ____, which specifies
the exact charges on which the accused must stand trial.
a. true bill of indictment
b. information
c. charging bill
d. nolle prosequi
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 14 OBJ: 01-06

12. At what stage of the formal criminal justice process does the defendant enter a plea of guilty or not
guilty?
a. Arraignment

, b. Criminal trial
c. Preliminary hearing
d. Bail hearing
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 15 OBJ: 01-06

13. Almost ____ percent of all cases end in a plea bargain, rather than a criminal trial.
a. 60
b. 70
c. 80
d. 90
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 15 OBJ: 01-06

14. Which courts review whether the judge conducted the trial in an approved manner?
a. Magistrate courts
b. Special courts
c. Appellate courts
d. There is no court to review the conduct of the judge during trial.
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 16 OBJ: 01-06

15. Approximately ____ percent of the people arrested on felony charges are eventually convicted in
criminal court?
a. 30
b. 40
c. 50
d. 60
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 15 OBJ: 01-07

16. For every 1000 crimes, approximately ____ people are sent to prison.
a. 20
b. 40
c. 60
d. 80
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 16 OBJ: 01-07

17. Which of the following crimes would be placed in the top layer (layer 1) of the criminal justice
"wedding cake"?
a. A noted celebrity is arrested for shooting her bodyguard.
b. A burglary occurs at a local tavern.
c. An individual is arrested for public drunkenness.
d. A first time offender assaults a friend.
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 19 OBJ: 01-08

18. According to this justice perspective, the proper role of the justice system is to prevent crime through
the judicious use of criminal sanctions. It demands an efficient system that hands out tough sanctions
to those who violate the law.
a. Crime control
b. Rehabilitation
c. Due process
d. Equal justice

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