Exam (elaborations)
Principles of Flight Exam- PPL/CPL/IR
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The document is a compilation of questions that came up on the PPL/CPL/IR exams from CAAP and FAA. These are also questions found in the Gleims reviewer.
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Principle of FlightFor PPL and CPL
PPL
1. What do the spoilers of the aircraft do?
a. Spoils the pilot with movie spoilers c. Decreases lift and increases weight of the aircraft
b. Decreases lift and increases drag d. Spoils the aircraft’s lift and thrust
2. What is the purpose of the rudder on an airplane?
a. To control roll
b. To control overbanking tendency Rudders are also used to compensate
c. To control yaw adverse yaw effect when banking.
d. To control pitch
3. The four forces acting on airplane in flight are
a. Lift, weight, gravity, and thrust c. Lift gravity, power, and friction
b. Lift, money, might, and magic d. Lift, weight, thrust and drag
4. When are the four forces that act on an airplane in equilibrium?
a. When the aircraft is accelerating
An aircraft at rest on the ground only has
b. When the aircraft is at rest on the ground weight and contact force exerted by the
c. During unaccelerated flight ground. Not the four forces of flight.
d. None of these
5. What is the relationship of lift, drag, thrust and weight when the airplane is in straight-and-level
flight?
a. Lift and weight equal thrust and drag
b. Lift, drag, and weight equal thrust
c. Lift equals weight and thrust equals drag
d. Lift equals thrust and weight equals drag
6. The term angle of attack is defined as the angle
a. Between the horizon and the airplane’s nose
b. Between the wing chord line and the relative wind
c. Formed by the longitudinal axis of the airplane and the chord line of the wing
d. Between the airplane’s climb angle and the horizon
7. The term relative wind is defined as the
a. Wind parallel and flowing opposite to an airfoil’s flight path
b. Wind perpendicular to the wings
c. Wind flowing from high pressure below the wings to low pressure above the wings
d. None of these
8. The angle of attack at which an airplane wing stalls will
a. Increase if the CG is moved forward The angle of attack on which the wings
b. Change with an increase in gross weight stalls will stay the same regardless of bank,
c. Remain the same regardless of gross weight weight, or load factor.
d. Decrease if the CG is moved aft
9. As altitude increases, the indicated airspeed at which a given airplane stalls in a particular
configuration will As air density decreases, the airplane stalls at a
a. Remain the same regardless of altitude higher true airspeed. But, the airspeed indicator
only shows indicated airspeed uncorrected for high
b. Decrease as the true airspeed decreases density altitude thus stalls at the same indicated
c. Decrease as the true airspeed increases airspeed regardless of altitude.
d. Increase as the performance factors degrade.
10. In what flight condition must an aircraft be placed in order to spin?
a. Partially stalled with one wing low. c. Stalled.
b. In a steep diving spiral. d. None of these
11. During a spin to the left, which wing(s) is/are stalled?
a. Both wings are stalled. An aircraft spins during an aggravated stall because one wing
b. Only the left wing is stalled. is, if not stalled, more stalled than the other wing thus
creating lift differential between the two wings.
, d. None of these
12. How will frost on the wings of an airplane affect takeoff performance?
a. Frost will disrupt the smooth flow of air over the wing, adversely affecting its lifting
capability.
b. Frost will change the camber of the wing, increasing its lifting capability.
c. Frost will cause the airplane to become airborne with a higher angle of attack,
decreasing the stall speed.
d. None of these
13. What is ground effect?
a. The result of an alteration in airflow patterns increasing induced drag about the wings of
an airplane.
b. The result of the interference of the surface of the Earth with the airflow patterns about
an airplane.
c. The result of the disruption of the airflow patterns about the wings of an airplane to the
point where the wings will no longer support the airplane in flight.
d. None of these
14. Floating caused by the phenomenon of ground effect will be most realized during an approach
to land when at
a. less than the length of the wingspan above the surface. Ground effect is recognized within ½ of the
b. a higher-than-normal angle of attack. length of its wingspan above the surface.
c. twice the length of the wingspan above the surface.
d. None of these
15. What must a pilot be aware of as a result of ground effect?
a. A full stall landing will require less up elevator deflection than would a full stall when
done free of ground effect.
b. Wingtip vortices increase creating wake turbulence problems for arriving and departing
aircraft.
c. Induced drag decreases; therefore, any excess speed at the point of flare may cause
considerable floating.
d. A pilot does not need to worry about anything in ground effect
16. Ground effect is most likely to result in which problem? Never ever rotate if not in the
recommended rotate speed.
a. Settling to the surface abruptly during landing.
b. Becoming airborne before reaching recommended takeoff speed.
c. Inability to get airborne even though airspeed is sufficient for normal takeoff needs.
d. None of these
17. An airplane said to be inherently stable will
a. be difficult to stall. An inherently stable aircraft will return to original
b. not spin. condition of flight thus needing less effort to be corrected
by the pilot when disturbed by outside factors such as
c. require less effort to control.
turbulence. However it will be less maneuverable.
d. Be more maneuverable
18. What determines the longitudinal stability of an airplane?
a. The relationship of thrust and lift to weight and drag.
b. The effectiveness of the horizontal stabilizer, rudder, and rudder trim tab.
c. The location of the CG with respect to the center of lift.
d. Size of the vertical stabilizer
19. An airplane has been loaded in such a manner that the CG is located aft of the aft CG limit. One
undesirable flight characteristic a pilot might experience with this airplane would be
a. a longer takeoff run.
b. stalling at higher-than-normal airspeed.
c. difficulty in recovering from a stalled condition.
d. There will be no undesirable flight characteristics with an aft CG.
20. What causes an airplane (except a T-tail) to pitch nosedown when power is reduced and
controls are not adjusted?
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