ABCTE Elementary Education Exam 206 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

ABCTE Elementary Education Exam 206 Questions with Verified Answers Magna Carta - CORRECT ANSWER (1215) a charter of liberties (freedoms) that King John "Lackland" of Englad was forced to sign; it made the king obey the same laws as the citizens of his kingdom 13th Ammendment - CORRECT ANSWER officially abolished slavery, prohibits involuntary servitude. Articles of Confederation - CORRECT ANSWER 1st Constitution of the U.S. (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade) Cuban Missile Crisis - CORRECT ANSWER The 1962 confrontation bewteen US and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba. Roger Williams - CORRECT ANSWER He founded Rhode Island for separation of Church and State. He believed that the Puritans were too powerful and was ordered to leave the Massachusetts Bay Colony for his religious beliefs. Jean-Jacques Rousseau - CORRECT ANSWER "Social Contract" he explained an ideal society where each community member would vote on issues and majority would become one law. Sumerians - CORRECT ANSWER The people who dominated southern Mesopotamia through the end of the third millennium B.C.E. They were responsible for the creation of many fundamental elements of Mesopotamian culture-such as irrigation technology, cuneiform, and religious conceptions. October Revolution (Bolshevik Revolution) - CORRECT ANSWER second part of the russian revolution led by lenin; lenin was a student of marxism and said that the proletariat would rise up against the bourgeoisie; bolsheviks overthrew the provisional government in a bloodless coup; transform political and economic landscape of the nation; land redistribution; soviet union was the worlds first communist nation Fall of the Roman Empire - CORRECT ANSWER The fall of this empire was precipitated by Germanic attacks and toward the mid fifth century barbarian chieftains replaced roman emperors. Rome and Western Europe was overrun by the German tribes but they respected the Roman culture and learned from their roman sunjects. Some Roman government and cultural ideas survived and blended with Germanic culture. 476 AD adage - CORRECT ANSWER a familiar proverb or wise saying Continental Divide - CORRECT ANSWER separation of two different land forms invisible hand - CORRECT ANSWER A phrase coined by Adam Smith to describe the process that turns self-directed gain into social and economic benefits for all Laissez-faire economics - CORRECT ANSWER Theory that opposes governmental interference in economic affairs beyond what is necessary to protect life and property. International Dateline - CORRECT ANSWER is an imaginary line of longitude generally 180° (degrees) east or west of the Prime Meridian. The International Date Line is where each new day begins. Implicit Phonics - CORRECT ANSWER teaching letter/sound correspondences "opportunistically" or as teachable moments Explicit Phonics - CORRECT ANSWER Teaching of letter-sound correspondences directly and usually systematically. Fluency Level - CORRECT ANSWER Independent Level-Relatively easy for the student to read (95% word accuracy). Instructional Level-Challenging but manageable for the reader (90% word accuracy). Frustration Level-Difficult text for the student to read (less than 90% word accuracy). 60-80 wpm Idiom - CORRECT ANSWER A common, often used expression that doesn't make sense if you take it literally. Dennotation - CORRECT ANSWER the dictionary meaning of a word Connotation - CORRECT ANSWER All the meanings, associations, or emotions that a word suggests spurious correlation - CORRECT ANSWER an apparent but false relationship between two (or more) variables that is caused by some other variable Allusion - CORRECT ANSWER A reference to another work of literature, person, or event Appositive - CORRECT ANSWER A word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun. comma splice - CORRECT ANSWER two sentences joined incorrectly with only a comma past participle - CORRECT ANSWER A past participle is a VERB + -ED used as an adjective or a verb. present participle - CORRECT ANSWER add ing and helping verb present perfect - CORRECT ANSWER tense with the past participle and helping verb HAVE and HAS future perfect - CORRECT ANSWER tense with the past participle and helping verb WILL HAVE future progressive - CORRECT ANSWER will be + present participle future perfect progressive - CORRECT ANSWER will have been + present participle past perfect progressive - CORRECT ANSWER had been + present participle Nomnitive - CORRECT ANSWER subject reflexive pronoun - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to the subject and directs the action of the verb back to the subject (self/selves) Hart and Risley - CORRECT ANSWER The average welfare child heard about 616 words per hour; the working-class child heard 1,251 words per hour; and the child of professionals, 2,153 words. expository - CORRECT ANSWER intended to explain or describe something Huang River Valley - CORRECT ANSWER The valley of the Huang River in China and the region where Chinese civilization was born Mesopotamia - CORRECT ANSWER A region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that developed the first urban societies. In the Bronze Age this area included Sumer and the Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian empires, In the Iron Age, it was ruled by the Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian empires. Hammurabi - CORRECT ANSWER Amorite ruler of Babylon (r. B.C.E.). He conquered many city-states in southern and northern Mesopotamia and is best known for a code of laws, inscribed on a black stone pillar, illustrating the principles to be used in legal cases. Pericles - CORRECT ANSWER Ruler of Athens who zealously sought to spread Athenian democracy through imperial force Asoka - CORRECT ANSWER Third ruler of the Mauryan Empire in India (r. 270-232 B.C.E.). He converted to Buddhism and broadcast his precepts on inscribed stones and pillars, the earliest surviving Indian writing. Socrates - CORRECT ANSWER (470-399 BCE) An Athenian philosopher who thought that human beings could lead honest lives and that honor was far more important than wealth, fame, or other superficial attributes. Plato - CORRECT ANSWER (430-347 BCE) Was a disciple of Socrates whose cornerstone of thought was his theory of Forms, in which there was another world of perfection. Confucius - CORRECT ANSWER (551-479 BCE) A Chinese philosopher known also as Kong Fuzi and created one of the most influential philosophies in Chinese history. Norman Conquest - CORRECT ANSWER Began in 1066. Led by William the Conquerer. His military victory at the Battle of Hastings led to Norman control of England. This control would influence England more with continental Europe than Scandinavian culture. Would also lead to rivalry between England and France for the next millenium. Crusades - CORRECT ANSWER A series of holy wars from AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule. Julius Caesar - CORRECT ANSWER Made dictator for life in 45 BCE, after conquering Gaul, assassinated in 44 BCE by the Senate because they were afraid of his power Caesar Augustus - CORRECT ANSWER The great-nephew and adopted son of Julius Caesar who emerged as sole ruler of the Roman state at the end of an extended period of civil war (r. 31 B.C.E.-14 C.E.). Cleopatra - CORRECT ANSWER last pharaoh of Egypt; had relationships with Julius Caesar and Marc Antony; Octavian's enemy Golden Age of Islam - CORRECT ANSWER A time during the Abbasid Dynasty (with a capital in Baghdad) when the arts and intellectualism were flourishing. Astronomy, surgery, etc. were all having inventions in their fields, and Baghdad was a center of intellectualism. Age of Exploration - CORRECT ANSWER Time period during the 15th and 16th centuries when Europeans searched for new sources of wealth and for easier trade routes to China and India. Resulted in the discovery of North and South America by the Europeans. Charles-Louis Montesquieu - CORRECT ANSWER A Frenchman and member of the nobility who built on Locke's ideas and promoted separation of powers. Descartes - CORRECT ANSWER () French philosopher, discovered analytical geometry. Saw Algebra and Geometry have a direct relationship. Reduced everything to spiritual or physical. Events leading to the American Revolution - CORRECT ANSWER debt of the French and Indian War, Taxation without Representation & Intolerable Acts WWI Causes - CORRECT ANSWER Nationalism, Imperialism, Alliance Systems, and Militarism all were causes of WWI along with the immediate cause--the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. WWII Causes - CORRECT ANSWER Great Depression, government instability, rise of dictators (fascist leaders), treaty of Versailles, failure of the league of nations, appeasement (giving into demands of an aggressor), invasion of Poland Treaty of Versailles - CORRECT ANSWER Treaty particularly known for its harsh reparations towards the Germans after World War I. Treaty of Paris - CORRECT ANSWER (1898) treaty that ended the Spanish American war. Provided that Cuba be free from Spain. Hirohito - CORRECT ANSWER Emperor of Japan during WWII Mussolini - CORRECT ANSWER founded fascism and ruled Italy for almost 21 years, most of that time as dictator. He dreamed of building Italy into a great empire, but he led his nation to defeat in World War II () and was executed by his own people. Rommel - CORRECT ANSWER Also known as the "Desert Fox" he was the the leader of the German African Corps. After being suspected of trying to kill Hitler, he commits suicide Cold War Causes - CORRECT ANSWER Between the United States and the Soviet Union, (political and economical) period after the Second World War marked by rivalry and tension between the two nuclear superpowers, the United States and the communist government of the Soviet Union. The Cold War ended when the Soviet government collapsed in 1991. French and Indian War - CORRECT ANSWER () War fought in the colonies between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The English won. Truman Doctrine - CORRECT ANSWER 1947, President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology, mainly helped Greece and Turkey Marshall Plan - CORRECT ANSWER A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe () Mao Zedong - CORRECT ANSWER () Leader of the Communist Party in China that overthrew Jiang Jieshi and the Nationalists. Established China as the People's Republic of China and ruled from 1949 until 1976. Chinese Civil War - CORRECT ANSWER War between communist Mao Zse Tong and nationalist Chaing-Kai Shek. The communists took over and forced the nationalists to retreat to Taiwan Gorbachev - CORRECT ANSWER Soviet statesman whose foreign policy brought an end to the Cold War and whose domestic policy introduced major reforms (born in 1931) Gulf War - CORRECT ANSWER A dispute over control of the waterway between Iraq and Iran broke out into open fighting in 1980 and continued until 1988, when they accepted a UN cease-fire resolution. Lord Baltimore - CORRECT ANSWER 1694- He was the founder of Maryland, a colony which offered religious freedom, and a refuge for the persecuted Roman Catholics. James Madison - CORRECT ANSWER "Father of the Constitution," Federalist leader, and fourth President of the United States. Alexander Hamilton - CORRECT ANSWER ; First Secretary of the Treasury. He advocated creation of a national bank, assumption of state debts by the federal government, and a tariff system to pay off the national debt. Homestead Act - CORRECT ANSWER 1862 - Provided free land in the West to anyone willing to settle there and develop it. Encouraged westward migration. Buffalo Soldiers - CORRECT ANSWER Nickname for African-American soldiers who fought in the wars against Native Americans living on the Great Plains during the 1870s Kansas-Nebraska Act - CORRECT ANSWER 1854 - Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and gave the people in those territories the right to chose to be a free or slave state through popular sovereignty. Dred Scott v. Sanford - CORRECT ANSWER Supreme Court case that decided US Congress did not have the power to prohibit slavery in federal territories and slaves, as private property, could not be taken away without due process - basically slaves would remain slaves in non-slave states and slaves could not sue because they were not citizens Henry Clay - CORRECT ANSWER A northern American politician. He developed the American System as well as negotiated numerous compromises. Monroe Doctrine - CORRECT ANSWER 1823 - Declared that Europe should not interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere and that any attempt at interference by a European power would be seen as a threat to the U.S. It also declared that a New World colony which has gained independence may not be recolonized by Europe. (It was written at a time when many South American nations were gaining independence). Only England, in particular George Canning, supported the Monroe Doctrine. Mostly just a show of nationalism, the doctrine had no major impact until later in the 1800s. Wilmot Proviso - CORRECT ANSWER 1846 proposal that outlawed slavery in any territory gained from the War with Mexico Compromise of 1850 - CORRECT ANSWER (1) California admitted as free state, (2) territorial status and popular sovereignty of Utah and New Mexico, (3) resolution of Texas-New Mexico boundaries, (4) federal assumption of Texas debt, (5) slave trade abolished in DC, and (6) new fugitive slave law; advocated by Henry Clay and Stephen A. Douglas Daniel Webster - CORRECT ANSWER Famous American politician and orator. he advocated renewal and opposed the financial policy of Jackson. Many of the principles of finance he spoke about were later incorporated in the Federal Reserve System. Would later push for a strong union. John Calhoun - CORRECT ANSWER South Carolina Senator - advocate for state's rights, limited government, and nullification Frederick Douglass - CORRECT ANSWER () American abolitionist and writer, he escaped slavery and became a leading African American spokesman and writer. He published his biography, The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, and founded the abolitionist newspaper, the North Star. Big Stick Diplomacy - CORRECT ANSWER Diplomatic policy developed by T.R where the "big stick" symbolizes his power and readiness to use military force if necessary. It is a way of intimidating countries without actually harming them and was the basis of U.S. imperialistic foreign policy. Malcolm X - CORRECT ANSWER 1952; renamed himself X to signify the loss of his African heritage; converted to Nation of Islam in jail in the 50s, became Black Muslims' most dynamic street orator and recruiter; his beliefs were the basis of a lot of the Black Power movement built on seperationist and nationalist impulsesto achieve true independence and equality Federalist Papers - CORRECT ANSWER A collection of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison under the name "Publius" to defend the Constitution in detail. 13th Amendment (1865) - CORRECT ANSWER Abolition of slavery w/o compensation for slave-owners 14th Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws 15th Amendment (1870) - CORRECT ANSWER U.S. cannot prevent a person from voting because of race, color, or creed 24th Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1964) eliminated the poll tax as a prerequisite to vote in national elections. Cesar Chavez - CORRECT ANSWER . Farm worker, labor leader, and civil-rights activist who helped form the National Farm Workers Association, later the United Farm Workers. Area of a circle - CORRECT ANSWER A=πr² Circumference of a circle - CORRECT ANSWER 2πr Volume of a sphere - CORRECT ANSWER 4/3πr³ Volume of a cylinder - CORRECT ANSWER V=πr²h Surface area of a sphere - CORRECT ANSWER 4πr² SAS Theorem - CORRECT ANSWER If an angle of one triangle is congruent to an angle of a second triangle, and the sides that include the two angles are proportional, then the triangles are similar. ASA Theorem - CORRECT ANSWER If two angles and the included side of one triangle are equal to two angles and the included side of another triangle then the triangles are congruent cups in a pint - CORRECT ANSWER 2 cups pints in a quart - CORRECT ANSWER 2 pints quarts in a gallon - CORRECT ANSWER 4 quarts Fahrenheit to Celsius - CORRECT ANSWER C=5/9(F-32) Communative Property - CORRECT ANSWER Number order can be changed without changing the answer (a+b=b+a) Associative Property - CORRECT ANSWER Changing the grouping of numbers will NOT change the value. For example: (7 + 4) + 8 = 7 + (4 + 8) also works with multiplication Endoplasmic Reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another. Golgi Bodies - CORRECT ANSWER organelles that package cellular materials and transport them within the cell or out of the cell Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER An organelle containing digestive enzymes Ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER Makes proteins Newton's First Law - CORRECT ANSWER An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Newton's Second Law - CORRECT ANSWER Force equals mass times acceleration Newton's Third Law - CORRECT ANSWER Every action has an equal and opposite reaction first law of thermodynamics - CORRECT ANSWER Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed. second law of thermodynamics - CORRECT ANSWER Every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Third Law of Thermodynamics - CORRECT ANSWER No system can reach absolute zero calcite - CORRECT ANSWER CaCO3 mineral Hornblende - CORRECT ANSWER Mineral. Black with short stubby crystals, and usually striated lengthwise. Vitreous. igneous rock - CORRECT ANSWER a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface metamorphic rock - CORRECT ANSWER A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions. sedimentary rock - CORRECT ANSWER A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together Precambrian Era - CORRECT ANSWER Earth's first era that began 4.6 billion years ago that includes creation of the Sun, Earth, the atmosphere, oceans and life Mesozoic Era - CORRECT ANSWER middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs, rise of flowering plants Paleozoic Era - CORRECT ANSWER the part of geologic time 570-245 million years ago ; invertebrates, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, ferns, and cone-bearing trees were dominant Cenozoic Era - CORRECT ANSWER era that began about 66 million years ago, known as the "Age of Mammals" Refraction - CORRECT ANSWER The bending of a wave as it passes at an angle from one medium to another Diffraction - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs when an object causes a wave to change direction and bend around it Syllogism - CORRECT ANSWER A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion. Linneaus - CORRECT ANSWER Father of taxonomy Mendel - CORRECT ANSWER Father of genetics Mendeleev - CORRECT ANSWER Created the first periodic table. Arranged elements by increasing atomic mass Interpretive Writing - CORRECT ANSWER -Evident in a written work that explains, explores, or considers the significance of an event, a work of art, etc. -Requires the writer to think critically and then present the results of his or her thinking -Examples: research papers, critiques, summaries, and analyses Ibid - CORRECT ANSWER in the same place expository writing - CORRECT ANSWER writing that explains or informs roman a clef - CORRECT ANSWER a novel in which actual persons and events are disguised as fictional characters Adam Smith - CORRECT ANSWER Scottish economist who wrote the Wealth of Nations a precursor to modern Capitalism. Followers Malthus and Ricardo Plessy v. Ferguson - CORRECT ANSWER a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal Auto de Fe (Act of Faith) - CORRECT ANSWER Act of faith, used in Spanish Inquisition relief map - CORRECT ANSWER a map that shows the elevation of an area using colors or shading Davis v. County School Board - CORRECT ANSWER Name of the case in Virginia that included in Brown v. Board. United States v. E.C. Knight Co. - CORRECT ANSWER (1895) Congress wanted to bust a trust because it controled 98% of sugar manufacturing. Supreme court said no because it wasn't interstate commerce which they do have the right to regulate. Severely weakend the Sherman Anti-Trust Act Mayflower Compact - CORRECT ANSWER 1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony. deficit spending - CORRECT ANSWER Government practice of spending more than it takes in from taxes, started with Hoover in Great Depression Gold Standard - CORRECT ANSWER A monetary system in which paper money and coins are equal to the value of a certain amount of gold Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act - CORRECT ANSWER A law, enacted in 1930, that established the highest protective tariff in U.S. history, worsening the depression in America and abroad. Karl Marx - CORRECT ANSWER . 19th century philosopher, political economist, sociologist, humanist, political theorist, and revolutionary. Often recognized as the father of communism. Analysis of history led to his belief that communism would replace capitalism as it replaced feudalism. Believed in a classless society. Free writing - CORRECT ANSWER First step in writing process. A writing activity where the focus is on flow of ideas without concern for language accuracy . Writing Process Steps - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Prewriting 2. Drafting 3. Revising 4. Editing 5. Presenting sextant - CORRECT ANSWER navigation tool that determines latitude and longitude 1/2 power - CORRECT ANSWER square root slope of perpendicular lines - CORRECT ANSWER opposite reciprocal Aristotle - CORRECT ANSWER A Greek Philosopher, taught Alexander the Great, started a famous school, studied with Plato. Influenced poetry. Asoka - CORRECT ANSWER Third ruler of the Mauryan Empire in India (r. 270-232 B.C.E.). He converted to Buddhism and broadcast his precepts on inscribed stones and pillars, the earliest surviving Indian writing. ad hominem - CORRECT ANSWER a fallacy that attacks the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute Red Herring - CORRECT ANSWER A fallacy that introduces an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the subject under discussion Halite - CORRECT ANSWER rock salt Formica - CORRECT ANSWER a brand of plastic used most commonly for surface finish Partial sum method - CORRECT ANSWER algorithm that requires the student to tally the total sum of each place value and then add those place value totals to get the final answer Opposite change rule method - CORRECT ANSWER Finding a friendly number that can be added more easily mentally. Adjusting one addend up and the other addend down to compensate. Mason-Dixon Line - CORRECT ANSWER Boundary between Pennsylvania and Maryland that divided the Middle Colonies from the Southern Colonies. Formed by Ohio River. Black Moses - CORRECT ANSWER Harriet Tubman Onset and Rime - CORRECT ANSWER In a syllable, the onset is the initial consonant or consonants, and the rime is the vowel and any consonants that follow it (e.g., the word sat, the onset is "s" and the rime is "at". In the word flip, the onset is "fl" and the rime is "ip"). Instruction level - CORRECT ANSWER 90% accuracy Independent Reading Level - CORRECT ANSWER The level at which a reader can read text with 95% accuracy (i.e., no more than one error per 20 words read). Independent reading level is relatively easy text for the reader. Renaissance - CORRECT ANSWER "rebirth"; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome. Enlightenment - CORRECT ANSWER A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions. Theory of Relativity - CORRECT ANSWER Albert Einstein's ideas about the interrelationships between time and space and between energy and matter Tenochtitlan - CORRECT ANSWER Capital of the Aztec Empire, located on an island in Lake Texcoco. Its population was about 150,000 on the eve of Spanish conquest. Mexico City was constructed on its ruins. Vasco de Gama (1498) - CORRECT ANSWER Portuguese mariner; first European to reach India by sailing around tip of Africa. Bay of Pigs Invasion - CORRECT ANSWER failed invasion of Cuba in 1961 when a force of 1,200 Cuban exiles, backed by the United States, landed at the Bay of Pigs. Factorial - CORRECT ANSWER The product of all whole numbers except zero that are less than or equal to a number. Symbolized by ! Ozone layer - CORRECT ANSWER a layer in the stratosphere (at approximately 20 miles) that contains a concentration of ozone sufficient to block most ultraviolet radiation from the sun Layers of the atmosphere - CORRECT ANSWER troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere stem and leaf plot - CORRECT ANSWER A method of graphing a collection of numbers by placing the "stem" digits (or initial digits) in one column and the "leaf" digits (or remaining digits) out to the right. rate of return - CORRECT ANSWER the percentage of increase in the value of your savings from earned interest Franz Ferdinand - CORRECT ANSWER Archduke of Austria-Hungary assassinated by a Serbian nationalist. A major catalyst for WWI. Gerund - CORRECT ANSWER A verb form ending in -ing that is used as a noun Complementary counting - CORRECT ANSWER Each object represents 1:1 ratio Prague Spring - CORRECT ANSWER In 1968, Czechoslovakia, under Alexander Dubcek, began a program of reform. Dubcek promised civil liberties, democratic political reforms, and a more independent political system. The Soviet Union invaded the country and put down the short-lived period of freedom. Alluvial plain - CORRECT ANSWER an area of fertile soil deposited by river floodwaters Delta - CORRECT ANSWER A landform made of sediment that is deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake Hernan Cortes - CORRECT ANSWER Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico () John Henry - CORRECT ANSWER folklore hero who is most associated with the Industrial Revolution Ratification of the Constitution - CORRECT ANSWER required 9 out of 13 states to ratify (approve) it to become law. Metaphase - CORRECT ANSWER Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell Anaphase - CORRECT ANSWER Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell Telephase - CORRECT ANSWER spindle fibers disassemble and the chromosomes return to a less tightly coiled chromatin state Prophase - CORRECT ANSWER Chromosomes become visable, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle forms Silt - CORRECT ANSWER fine soil found on river bottoms Allele - CORRECT ANSWER An alternative form of a gene. William T. Sherman - CORRECT ANSWER general whose march to sea caused destruction to the south, union general, led march to destroy all supplies and resources, beginning of total warfare null hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER A prediction that there is no difference between groups or conditions, or a statement or an idea that can be falsified, or proved wrong. quasar - CORRECT ANSWER An enormously bright, distant galaxy with a giant black hole at its center Mesozoic Era - CORRECT ANSWER middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs, rise of flowering plants Suture Joint - CORRECT ANSWER immovable joint, such as between the bones of the skull Histogram - CORRECT ANSWER A graph of vertical bars representing the frequency distribution of a set of data. Dred Scott - CORRECT ANSWER A black slave, had lived with his master for 5 years in Illinois and Wisconsin Territory. Backed by interested abolitionists, he sued for freedom on the basis of his long residence on free soil. The ruling on the case was that He was a black slave and not a citizen, so he had no rights. W.E.B. DuBois - CORRECT ANSWER 1st black to earn Ph.D. from Harvard, encouraged blacks to resist systems of segregation and discrimination, helped create NAACP in 1910 fin de si - CORRECT ANSWER end of the century The New Colossus - CORRECT ANSWER Poem by Emma Lazarus inscribed on the base of the Statue of Liberty Johann Fust and Peter Schoeffer - CORRECT ANSWER The Latin psalter published by _________ in 1457 was a major innovation in printing as the first book to bear a printer's trademark and imprint, printed date of publication, and colophon. Took over Gutenberg Printing Press Santorini - CORRECT ANSWER Volcano, Blew up entire Mediterranean island, might be responsible for myth of Atlantis Tarquinius Superbus - CORRECT ANSWER The Last King of Rome who usurped the throne. Shi Huangdi - CORRECT ANSWER Founder of the short-lived Qin dynasty and creator of the Chinese Empire (r. 221-210 B.C.E.). He is remembered for his ruthless conquests of rival states and standardization. (163 Constantine - CORRECT ANSWER Emperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith and stopped the persecution of Christians (280-337) Charlemagne - CORRECT ANSWER 800 AD crowned by the Pope as the head of the Holy Roman Empire, which extended from northern Spain to western Germany and northern Italy. His palace was at Aachen in central Europe Battle of Hastings - CORRECT ANSWER (1066 CE) The Norman invasion of England; this was the largest battle. Children's Crusade - CORRECT ANSWER short-lived failed crusade in 1212 by young people from europe who marched on the holy land to regain it for christianity Constantinople - CORRECT ANSWER A large and wealthy city that was the imperial capital of the Byzantine empire and later the Ottoman empire, now known as Istanbul