Rio Bio 202 Exam 3 Verified Solution s Latest Updated . Alimentary organs (descending order) - ANSWER mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine Accessory organs - ANSWER teeth, tongue, salivary glands, gallbladder, liver, pancreas Length of alimentary canal - ANSWER 30 feet in cadaver, shorter in living human because of muscle tone Number of adult teeth - ANSWER 32 Number of deciduous (baby) teeth - ANSWER 20 Types of teeth - ANSWER molar, premolar, canine, incisors. Hardest substance in the body - ANSWER dentin Produce dentin - ANSWER odontoblasts Three types of salivary glands - ANSWER parotid glands, submandibular glands, sublingual glands Parotid gland secretion - ANSWER primarily serous fluid (salivary amylase) Submandibular gland secretion - ANSWER mix of mucin and serous fluid Sublingual gland secretion - ANSWER primarily mucin Mucin function - ANSWER bind and moisten food into a bolus Serous fluid/salivary amylase function - ANSWER starts digestion of starches Liver digestive function - ANSWER produces bile, which emulsifies fats in the duodenum Bile funct ion - ANSWER emulsifies fats creating a larger surface area and allowing absorption Gallbladder function - ANSWER holds and releases bile into the digestive tract when fatty foods enter the duodenum. Jaundice - ANSWER yellowing of the body tissues d ue to bile in the blood stream Kupffer cells - ANSWER special phagocytic cells that line liver sinusoids and remove debris from blood. Hepatocytes - ANSWER liver cells that absorb nutrients and oxygen, make bile. Flow of blood vs bile in liver - ANSWER opposite directions Pancreas function - ANSWER secretes ALKALINE fluid with hydrolytic enzymes into the duodenum. Function of bicarbonate ion in pacreas - ANSWER neutralizes acidic chyme entering the duodenum, creating optimal pH for intestinal enzymes. Optimal stomach pH - ANSWER very acidic Optimal small intestine pH - ANSWER slightly alkaline
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