MEJO 141 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
morals - answer principles spelled out in various texts of religions
laws - answer rules passed by leaders of society with consequences for disobedience
ethics - answer standards of conduct based on certain agreed-on principles. Less about absolute
right vs. wrong, and more about the conflict between difficult choices
Aristotle - answer believed that happiness (flourishing) was the ultimate good. The goal was to
exercise practical reason. Coined the term "golden meme"
Aristotle's Golden Mean - answer virtue lies at the mean between the two extremes. However,
some actions don't have a middle state and are inherently bad
Immanuel Kant - answer the test of a moral act is its universality, aka an ethical standard that
should be applied uniformly to everyone. Benevolence and truth-telling are always right
John Stuart Mill - answer coined utilitarianism, believed that no one's happiness is any more
valuable than anyone else's, focuses on the consequences of an action
utilitarianism - answer seek the greatest good for the greatest number of people
William David Ross - answer believed there is often more than one ethical value to be
considered in a situation. Coined the pluralistic theory of value
, pluralistic theory of value - answer the key is determining which values/duties are most
important in which situation, such as fidelity, veracity, reparation, gratitude, justice, self-
improvement, prevention, and nurture
John Rawls - answer believed that fairness is fundamental: all parties should be treated equally
regardless of station in life. Coined the term "veil of ignorance"
veil of ignorance - answer make decisions without considerations of how it benefits you or
those close to you
communitarianism - answer provides ethical guidance when confronting society-wide issues.
Moves away from the traditional emphasis on the individual to focus on the local community.
Rationale for the community/civic journalism movement
The Bok Model - answer a decision-making model based on two premises: that we must have
empathy for the people involved in ethical decisions, and maintaining social trust is a
fundamental goal
What are the three steps to the Bok model? - answer 1: consult your own conscience about the
appropriateness of the action.
2: seek expert advice for alternatives to avoid the ethical problem
3: conduct a discussion with the parties involved in dispute
Texas Tech Quarterback case - answer -African American student athlete who was arrested for
shoplifting at Dillards. Charged was dropped because evidence of race that played role in arrest.
Dillards asked the journal to quit covering the incident, as it was a simple mistake and they
didn't want any additional media coverage
What is the standard for truth in journalism? - answer verifiability
libertarian view of the press - answer people are rational and can determine the truth.
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