What are target cells? - AnswerCells that have RECEPTORS for hormones
What do endocrine glands do? - Answerproduce hormones
What does the endocrine system consist of? - Answerendocrine organs (thyroid, pineal, etc); hormone producing cells in organs (brain, heart and small intestine)
What ...
Arizona State University BIO 202 Exam 1 Questions With Correct Answers (RATED A)
What are the mechanisms of cell communications? - AnswerGap junctions, neurotransmitters, paracrine (local) hormones, hormones (strict definition)
What are paracrine (local) hormones? - Answerhormones secreted into tissue fluids to affect nearby cells
What are hormones? - Answerchemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream, stimulates response in another tissue or organ
What are target cells? - AnswerCells that have RECEPTORS for hormones
What do endocrine glands do? - Answerproduce hormones
What does the endocrine system consist of? - Answerendocrine organs (thyroid, pineal, etc); hormone producing cells in organs (brain, heart and small intestine)
What do exocrine glands do? - Answerducts carry secretion to a surface or organ cavity; extracellular effects (ex. food digestion)
What do endocrine glands do? - Answerno ducts; release hormones into tissue fluids, have dense capillary networks to distribute hormones; intracellular effects, alter target cell metabolism
What are some examples of chemicals that function as both hormones and neurotransmitters? - AnswerNE, cholecystokinin, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, dopamine, and ADH
What are some hormones secreted by neuroendocrine cells (neurons)? - AnswerOxytocin and catecholamines (NE and epinephrine; dopamine) How do the nervous system and endocrine system regulate each other? - Answerneurons trigger hormone secretion; hormones stimulate or inhibit neurons
What is TRH? - Answerthyrotropin-releasing hormone
What is CRH? - Answercorticotropin-releasing hormone
What is GnRH? - Answergonadotropin-releasing hormone
What is GHRH? - Answergrowth hormone-releasing hormone
What is TSH? - Answerthyroid-stimulating hormone
What is PRL? - Answerprolactin
What is ACTH? - Answeradrenocorticotropic hormone
What is FSH? - Answerfollicle-stimulating hormone
What is LH? - Answerluteinizing hormone
What is GH? - Answergrowth hormone
What is PIH? - Answerprolactin inhibiting hormone (dopamine)
What hormones come from the posterior pituitary gland? - Answeroxytocin & antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
What are some of the hypothalamic hormones? - AnswerGonadotropin-releasing hormone Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Corticotropin-releasing hormone Prolactin-releasing hormone
Prolactin-inhibiting hormone Growth hormone-releasing hormone Somatostatin
What hormones come from the anterior pituitary gland? - AnswerFollicle-stimulating hormone Luteinizing hormone Thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin) Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Prolactin Growth Hormone
What does ADH do? - AnswerIncreases water retention thus reducing urine volume and prevents dehydration; also called vasopressin because it can cause vasoconstriction
What does OT (oxytocin) do? - Answersurge of hormone released during sexual arousal & orgasm (stimulate uterine contractions and propulsion of semen); promotes feelings of sexual satisfaction and emotional bonding between partners; stimulates labor contractions during childbirth; stimulates flow of milk during lactation; promotes emotional bonding between lactating mother and infant
What does GH (growth hormone) do? - AnswerInduces liver to produce growth stimulants; bone growth,
thickening, remodeling influenced especially during childhood and adolescence; secretion high during first two hours of sleep; can peak in response to vigorous exercise; GH levels decline gradually with age; average 6 ng/ml during adolescence and 1.5 ng/ml in old age
What do insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I) do? - Answerstimulate target cells in diverse tissues; prolongs the action of GH; increase protein synthesis; increase lipid metabolism; carbohydrate metabolism; electrolyte balance
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