WGU C173 Ultimate Study Guide Latest
2022 Already Passed
abstraction ✔✔Focus on the essential qualities of something rather than one specific example.
actors ✔✔An Actor in a use case is anything with behavior who lives outside of your system,
outside of your application, but has a goal they want to accomplish within.
algorithm ✔✔A set of commands that return a value. This differs from a procedure, which is a set
of commands that doesn't necessarily have to return a value.
append() ✔✔Mutates <List> by adding <Element> to the end of the list.
argument ✔✔The inputs to a procedure. Also called operands.
attributes ✔✔Characteristics of an object which may be used to reference other objects or save
object state information.
<name> = <expression> ✔✔This is an assignment statement. A variable is named and also
assigned a value or expression. If multiple values are assigned to the same named variable, the last
assignment is the one used.
base case ✔✔An expression that has a value and is not defined in terms of some other thing we
are defining. This breaks the chain of recursion.
Boolean ✔✔A value that is either True or False
circular definition ✔✔A definition that doesn't give us answers because it never finishes. It is stuck
in a loop with each reference pointing to another reference. It has no base case.
,class ✔✔Describes what an object will be, but it isn't the object itself. This is a blueprint for that
object.
<ClassName> (<BaseClass>):
<Block> ✔✔How to define a class in Python
class diagram (UML) ✔✔The most common diagram in Object-Oriented Design. Shows the
system classes and relationships between them. Diagrams the primary attributes and primary
operations for each class.
code modularity ✔✔Dividing software or an application into smaller modules. This provides
prewritten code which saves resources and provides greater manageability.
comparison operator ✔✔Used to make a comparison between two values.
compiler ✔✔A program that takes source code and converts it to machine code by producing a
separate file.
concatenate ✔✔To connect or link in a series or chain.
constructor ✔✔A special type of function used to create a class or object. The constructor prepares
the new object for use.
dictionary ✔✔Provides a mapping between keys, which can be values of any immutable type, and
values, which can be any value. Because this is implemented using a hash table, the time to lookup
a value does not increase (significantly) even when the number of keys increases.
if <condition>:
, else: ✔✔Used in to provide a two-way decision. If the initial condition is true the first block of
code will execute. If the initial condition is false, the second block of code following the else clause
will execute.
encapsulation ✔✔Surrounding something to both keep the contents together and also to protect
those contents. In Object Orientation this refers to the idea of taking our attributes and behaviors
and bundling them together in the same unit, or the same class.
expression ✔✔Any Python construct that has a value
for <Name> in <Collection>: ✔✔Executes a block once for each element of a collection.
framework ✔✔Huge amounts of code already written, already tested, ready for you to link to and
use within your programs. Also called libraries.
grammar ✔✔In a programming language like Python, these are the rules that the code must adhere
to. When not followed, the interpreter will return a Syntax Error message. This means that the
structure of the code is inconsistent with the rules of the programming language. Proper formatting
for an expression would be: Expression -> Expression Operator Expression
immutable ✔✔Not able to change in form or nature
index() ✔✔used to find elements in a list. Outputs the position of the first occurrence of an element
matching <Value> in <List>. If <Value> is not found in <List>, produces an error.
indexing ✔✔To select sub-sequences. Positions are numbered starting with 0.
inheritance ✔✔A form of code reuse. We can create a new class, but instead of writing it from
scratch, we can base it on an existing class.
2022 Already Passed
abstraction ✔✔Focus on the essential qualities of something rather than one specific example.
actors ✔✔An Actor in a use case is anything with behavior who lives outside of your system,
outside of your application, but has a goal they want to accomplish within.
algorithm ✔✔A set of commands that return a value. This differs from a procedure, which is a set
of commands that doesn't necessarily have to return a value.
append() ✔✔Mutates <List> by adding <Element> to the end of the list.
argument ✔✔The inputs to a procedure. Also called operands.
attributes ✔✔Characteristics of an object which may be used to reference other objects or save
object state information.
<name> = <expression> ✔✔This is an assignment statement. A variable is named and also
assigned a value or expression. If multiple values are assigned to the same named variable, the last
assignment is the one used.
base case ✔✔An expression that has a value and is not defined in terms of some other thing we
are defining. This breaks the chain of recursion.
Boolean ✔✔A value that is either True or False
circular definition ✔✔A definition that doesn't give us answers because it never finishes. It is stuck
in a loop with each reference pointing to another reference. It has no base case.
,class ✔✔Describes what an object will be, but it isn't the object itself. This is a blueprint for that
object.
<ClassName> (<BaseClass>):
<Block> ✔✔How to define a class in Python
class diagram (UML) ✔✔The most common diagram in Object-Oriented Design. Shows the
system classes and relationships between them. Diagrams the primary attributes and primary
operations for each class.
code modularity ✔✔Dividing software or an application into smaller modules. This provides
prewritten code which saves resources and provides greater manageability.
comparison operator ✔✔Used to make a comparison between two values.
compiler ✔✔A program that takes source code and converts it to machine code by producing a
separate file.
concatenate ✔✔To connect or link in a series or chain.
constructor ✔✔A special type of function used to create a class or object. The constructor prepares
the new object for use.
dictionary ✔✔Provides a mapping between keys, which can be values of any immutable type, and
values, which can be any value. Because this is implemented using a hash table, the time to lookup
a value does not increase (significantly) even when the number of keys increases.
if <condition>:
, else: ✔✔Used in to provide a two-way decision. If the initial condition is true the first block of
code will execute. If the initial condition is false, the second block of code following the else clause
will execute.
encapsulation ✔✔Surrounding something to both keep the contents together and also to protect
those contents. In Object Orientation this refers to the idea of taking our attributes and behaviors
and bundling them together in the same unit, or the same class.
expression ✔✔Any Python construct that has a value
for <Name> in <Collection>: ✔✔Executes a block once for each element of a collection.
framework ✔✔Huge amounts of code already written, already tested, ready for you to link to and
use within your programs. Also called libraries.
grammar ✔✔In a programming language like Python, these are the rules that the code must adhere
to. When not followed, the interpreter will return a Syntax Error message. This means that the
structure of the code is inconsistent with the rules of the programming language. Proper formatting
for an expression would be: Expression -> Expression Operator Expression
immutable ✔✔Not able to change in form or nature
index() ✔✔used to find elements in a list. Outputs the position of the first occurrence of an element
matching <Value> in <List>. If <Value> is not found in <List>, produces an error.
indexing ✔✔To select sub-sequences. Positions are numbered starting with 0.
inheritance ✔✔A form of code reuse. We can create a new class, but instead of writing it from
scratch, we can base it on an existing class.
