ATI Renal Questions Flashcard

A nurse is teaching a client who will have an x ray of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "you will receive contrast dye during the procedure." B. "An enema is necessary before the procedure." C. "you will need to lie in a prone position during the procedure." D. "The procedure determines whether you have a kidney stone." - A. Clients do not receive any contrast dye for this procedure, as they would for excretory urography. B. Clients do not receive an enema before this procedure, because it does not affect the gastrointestinal system. C. The client will lie supine, not prone. D. CORRECT: The nurse should explain to the client that a KUB can identify renal calculi, strictures, calcium deposits, and obstructions of the urinary system. A nurse is monitoring a client who had a kidney biopsy for postoperative complications. Which of the following complications should the nurse identify as causing the greatest risk to the client? A. Infection B. Hemorrhage C. Hematuria D. Pain - A. The client is at risk for infection of the kidney because a biopsy is an invasive procedure. However, another complication is the priority. B. CORRECT: The greatest risk to the client following a kidney biopsy is hemorrhage due to a lack of clotting at the puncture site. The nurse should report this finding to the provider immediately. C. The client is at risk for hematuria, which is a common complication the first 48 to 72 hr after the biopsy. However, another complication is the priority. D. The client is at risk for pain after a kidney biopsy because blood in and around the kidney causes pressure on the nerves in the area; however, another complication is the priority. A nurse has a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and will have excretory urography. Prior to the procedure, which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.) A. Identify an allergy to seafood. B. Withhold metformin for 24 hr. C. Administer an enema. D. Obtain a serum coagulation profile. E. Assess for asthma. - A. CORRECT: Clients who have an allergy to seafood are at higher risk for an allergic reaction to the contrast dye they will receive during the procedure. B. CORRECT: Clients who take metformin are at risk for lactic acidosis from the contrast dye with iodine they will receive during the procedure. C. CORRECT: Clients should receive an enema to remove fecal contents, fluid, and gas from the colon for a more clear visualization. D. A serum coagulation profile is essential for a client prior to a kidney biopsy because of the risk of hemorrhage from the procedure. E. CORRECT: Clients who have asthma have a higher risk of an exacerbation as an allergic response to the contrast dye they will receive during the procedure. A nurse administered captopril to a client during a renal scan. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Assess for hypertension. B. Limit the client's fluid intake. C. Monitor for orthostatic hypotension. D. Encourage early ambulation - A. Captopril is an antihypertensive medication. Assess the client for hypotensive effects. B. Increasing the client's fluid intake can help resolve hypotensive effects following the administration of captopril. C. CORRECT: The nurse should monitor for orthostatic hypotension because this is an adverse effect of captopril. This results in a change in blood flow to the kidneys after the initial dose. D. The client is at risk for falls when ambulating due to the hypotensive effects of captopril. The nurse should encourage the client to remain in bed. A nurse is reviewing the results of a client's urinalysis. The findings indicate the urine is positive for leukocyte esterase and nitrites. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Repeat the test early the next morning. B. Start a 24 hr urine collection for creatinine clearance. C. Obtain a clean catch urine specimen for culture and sensitivity. D. Insert an indwelling catheter urinary catheter to collect a urine specimen. - A. Repeating the test early the next morning will not change the urinalysis results. B. A 24 hr urine collection for creatinine helps to determine kidney function. C. CORRECT: The nurse should obtain a clean catch urine specimen for culture and sensitivity. This test will identify which antibiotic will be most effective for treating the client's urinary tract infection. D. The nurse should insert a urinary catheter to collect urine when a client cannot empty his bladder. A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease and is to begin hemodialysis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Hemodialysis restores kidney function. B. He