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Sumario Fluidoterapia

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Resumen de la clase de fluidoterapia con el uso de los líquidos y calculo de dosis de cada líquidos y sus usos mas comunes

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  • December 3, 2023
  • 4
  • 2023/2024
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LÍQUIDOS Y ELECTROLITOS
Modificación del volumen plasmático y electrolitos
Estando en la ruta endovenosa puede generar sobre expansión.
Soluciones usuales para uso IV
- Cristaloides (combinaciones entre agua y otras sustancias)
o Solución salina normal 0.9% (SSN) (0.9g/100mL) = Diluyente más frecuente para fármacos.
o Lactato Ringer o Hartmann (RL) = 2º lugar de frecuencia.
o Dextrosa en AD al 5 – 10 – 20% (DAD)
- Tienen diferencias frente a contenido de electrolitos y osmolaridad.

Na es el electrolito más activo 140mEqu/L.
Osmolaridad del plasma en condiciones normales es de (285±) mOsm/L.
- Para hallar osmolaridad me tienen que dar el sodio, la glucosa y la urea.
- No se puede administrar AD de manera IV porque hay hemolisis celular.




COMPOSICIÓN DE SOLUCIONES
SOLUCIÓN Na Cl K Ca Lactato pH Osm
Hartmann 130 109 4 3 28 6.5 274
SNN 0.9% 154 154 - - - 5.0 308
Dextrosa 5% - - - - - - 2.52
Estas composiciones son en 1L de solución, lo que corresponde a 2 bolsas de 500 ml respectivamente para cada
solución.

SSN y Hartmann  isoosmolaridad porque está cercana a la osmolaridad.

Indicaciones de fluidoterapia
- Situaciones en las que haya alteración de la volemia, equilibrio hidroelectrolítico o ambos.
Indicaciones
- Shock hipovolémico
- Depleción de líquidos extracelular (quemaduras)
- Depleción acuosa
- Depleción salina (al usar muchos diuréticos)
- Hipernatremia

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