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WHAP World War I Era Notes

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All of these notes are taken in preparation for the AP World Exam. These notes, in specific, are teacher notes from lectures and powerpoints, so these notes may not correlate with a specific textbook or a specific edition, but provides necessary information in preparation for the final exam.

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  • February 2, 2018
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World War I/The Great War

 Overview

o Lasted 1914-1918

o Referred to as the “Great War” because of the incredible scale of violence and
involvement of nations

o Fundamentally hindered power of Western European nations

o Encouraged growth of nationalism in Europe

 Immediate Causes (Powder Keg)

o June 28, 1914 - Gavrila Principe assassinates Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his
wife

o Princip was a member of the Black Hand nationalist organization

 Group purpose: Ending Austro-Hungarian presence in Serbia and the
Balkans

 Austro-Hungarian Empire sent an ultimatum to Serbia to end all anti-
Austrian activities, Serbia rejected it

o Austro-Hungarian Empire sought military assistance from their German allies

o Serbia requested from fellow Slavic countries, especially Russia

 Long-Term Causes of the Great War

o Represented by M.A.I.N.

 Militarism:

 Aggressive military preparedness that celebrates warfare

 Germany and Great Britain (especially) spent tons of money on
naval and army expansion due to bitter rivalry

 Alliances:

,  Triple Entente (Britain, Russia, France) VS. Triple Alliance
(Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy)

 “Secret alliances” formed where other alliance member nations
protected each other if one was targeted

 Imperialism:

 Western European rivalries for global domination

 Western European countries owned colonies in the rest of the
world

 Nationalism:

 Sense of community based on common ethnicity, language, etc.

 Multinational empires contended with nationalist movements

 The Schliefen Plan

o To fight a two-front war Germany decided to attack France quickly and go
through Belgium

o Belgium thinks that Germany is declaring war on it, so calls on Britain

o Britain joins the war, and brings colonies

 Ottoman Empire

o Called upon when Britain joins the war by Germany

o Germany says that if Ottomans join the war, Germany will give them back their
lost lands (ex. Serbia, Greece, etc)

o Having given this incentive, they join

 Italy

o First called upon by Germany, but Italy is afraid of the conflict so backs out

o Called upon by Britain, and Britain promised them land so Italy joins Britain and
betrays Germany

 Changes in Warfare

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