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WGU D115 Unit 6
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Exam of 6 pages for the course WGU D115 Unit 6 at WGU D115 Unit 6 (WGU D115 Unit 6)
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WGU D115 Unit 6Which statement is true regarding renal blood flow?
No autoregulation is found in renal blood flow.
The kidneys receive 50% of cardiac output.
The kidneys receive 1000-1200 mL of blood per minute.
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is not related to renal blood flow. - -The
kidneys receive almost a quarter of cardiac output.
-A patient with untreated strep throat is more likely to have with kidneys - -
Nephritic syndrome is caused by an antibody/antigen reaction seen after
group a-beta hemolytic strep. Antistreptolysin is produced in the
antibody/antigen reaction. You can use the HAD STREP mnemonic to help
you remember:
H = hypertension
A = +ASO (antistreptolysin O)
D = decreased GFR (glomerular filtration rate)
STREP = Streptococcus
-Briefly explain why edema occurs with nephritic syndrome. - -Inflammation
in the nephron causes increased permeability in the nephron.
-Describe the pathology of nephrotic syndrome.
Submit and Compare, displayed below - -Nephrotic syndrome is caused by
damage to the filtering system in the kidney. Massive amounts of protein are
lost in the urine which depletes the blood of albumin. The patient often
presents with frothy urine and anasarca (not hematuria).
-Explain why patients with nephrotic syndrome are at high risk for infection.
- -Nephrotic syndrome is an idiopathic condition often treated with
corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants. Massive swelling puts skin at
risk for breakdown because the skin becomes friable and fluid filled
-What is the two-word technical term for kidney stones? - -Renal calculi is
the technical term for kidney stones.
-Describe what caused the pain that sent this patient to the emergency
department. with renal calculi - -At least one of the renal calculi was
obstructing the ureter because it was too large to move easily through the
ureter.
-List the adverse effects that could arise if a renal calculus completely
blocks a ureter, and briefly explain why. - -Hydroureter and hydronephrosis
could occur because the kidney continues to produce urine even if the ureter
is blocked. The blockage would cause urine to accumulate, dilating the
, ureter first, and then the renal pelvis. This leads to a buildup of waste
products in the body and can lead to kidney injury.
-Explain why it is important for the patient to learn to increase her fluid
intake to 8-10 glasses of fluid per day. with renal calculi - -Drinking 8-10
glasses of fluid per day will keep her urine dilute, which will help keep renal
calculi from forming and will help move stones along the passageway to
excretion should they recur.
-Produced in the mouth and breaks down starch - -Amylase
-Produced in the stomach and breaks down protiens - -pepsin
-Produced by the pancreas and breaks down triglycerides - -lipase
-Describe how you would educate a hospice patient concerning anticipated
24-hour output of his or her biliary drainage tube.
Submit and Compare, displayed below - -It is typical to expect 700-1200 cc
of biliary output in a 24-hour period, though each patient is an individual and
a hospice patient may have a personal norm that is different from the
standard health individual. Biliary drainage tube output can be used to
calculate fluid lost for hydration purposes.
-Are the patient's symptoms of dysphagia, dyspepsia, and regurgitation
specific to GERD? Why or why not? - -Dysphagia, dyspepsia, and
regurgitation are not specific to GERD. They can occur in achalasia, GERD,
hiatal hernia, and other disorders. Achalasia is not as common as H-pylori
infection, which also causes GERD symptoms. H-pylori infection should be
ruled out for patients presenting with these three symptoms.
-describe the danger of untreated GERD. - -Repeated irritation of the distal
esophagus by gastric acid can cause the dysplastic changes of Barrett
esophagus, which is an important risk factor for esophageal cancer.
-A patient has localized and has intense abdominal pain that lateralizes. In
order to move forward with your assessment, you consider the types of pain.
Which type of pain is this patient most likely experiencing?
Referred
Parietal
Phantom
Visceral - -Parietal pain is caused by a stimulus in the parietal peritoneum.
The nerves in the parietal peritoneum are made up of A-delta fibers. These
fibers travel to the spinal cord and correspond with the skin dermatomes T6
and L1. This produces localized and intense pain that lateralizes because the
parietal peritoneum is innervated from only one side of the nervous system
at a time.
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