Summary
Summary-1 - BIOL 4460
- Institution
- Lamar University
Summary one is over the scientific paper Foragin Ecology of Bees in an Old Field by Howard S. Ginsberg. gives a brief summary of the induction ,methods, and results of the study.
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Summary #1Howard S. Ginsberg. 1983, “Foraging Ecology of Bees in an Old Filed” Vol 64, No 1, pages 12
Introduction:
The study is taking a closer look at foraging patters of different types of bee species at a single site. (Ginsberg 2) It takes a look at if there is competition between the different spices of bees towards certain types of flowers. Also takes a closer look at which flowers each bee species likes the most during each season.
Methods:
The study was conducted in on old filed located in New York. The filed had many woodie plants such as dogwood, red maple, blackberry and staghorn suman as well as several herbs and grasses such as timothy grass, orchard grass. (Ginsberg 2) The filed consisted of several small hills and four small ponds the soils were mostly loams with low lime content as well as a small sand and gravel patch. Samples were taken from may though September in 1974 to 1978. A map of the fields was section off into 900 m quadrats and 10 of the quadrats where randomly selected and studies. (Ginsberg 3) Each day the flower spices aim temp, humidity, and cloud cover were collected for that day. (Ginsberg 3) cluster samples where also taken which was to track and catalog the types of bees for several flower species in the field. (Ginsberg 3) Results:
Over the course of the species 150 plant species were recorded some of the most imports where sour cherry, black berry, red maples, and apple. (Ginsberg 3) As well as dandelions, and yellow rocked that bloomed in the spring and some parts of the filed where cultivated for farmland and had no vegetation on them. (Ginsberg 3) Most of the early summer plants/flowers where introduced species while the late summer flowers where native to New York. (Ginsberg 4) While during the spring it was 50/50 mixture of native and introduced species blooming. (Ginsberg 4) the top three pollinates species found in the field where bees, syrphid flies, and pollen feeding beetles. (Ginsberg 4) throughout the seasons bad weather and cloud cover had a negative effect on foraging activity for all of the pollination species. (Ginsberg 5) honeybees where more active in spring and late summer while the native bees where more active during spring but not summer (Ginsberg 6) data showed that an increase in the yellow rocket and apple would lead to an increase in honeybee population but no effect on the native bee population. (Ginsberg 8) the study also found that when the population of the honey bee increased during the season the population of the Native bee would decrease.(Ginsberg 9)
Conclusions:
I really enjoyed this studies I always found bees/pollinator species fascinating and enjoy learning more about their interactions with other species. I do think they would have found a lot more data if they incorporated other fields into the study.
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