Tendency to view everything in relationship to oneself. - answerEgocentrism
Assumption that one own's social group is superior to all others. - answerSociocentrism
Thinking that is spontaneous and non-reflective thinking. Contains insight, prejudice,
good and bad reasoning. Indiscriminately combined. - answerFirst-order thinking
First-order thinking that is consciously realized (analyzed, reassessed, reconstructed). -
answerSecond-order thinking
Ignore flaws in own thinking. Often tries to win arguments through intellectually trickery
or deceit. - answerWeak-sense critical thinking
Strive to be ethical. Strive to emphasize with other viewpoints. Will entertain arguments
they do not agree with. Change views when confronted with superior reasoning. Employ
thinking reasonably rather than manipulatively. - answerStrong-sense critical thinking
Commitment to discover the extent of your own ignorance on any issue. -
answerIntellectual humility
Confronting ideas, viewpoints, or beliefs with fairness, even when doing so is painful. -
answerIntellectual courage
Inhabiting perspectives of others in order to genuinely understand them. -
answerIntellectual empathy
Holding oneself to the same rigorous intellectual standards that one expects others to
meet - answerIntellectual integrity
Working one's way through intellectual complexities despite frustrations inherent in
doing so - answerIntellectual perseverance
Proceeds from the belief that both the individual's and society's interests are best
served by unfettered reason - answerConfidence in reason
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