Hondros 212 Exam 3

Addison’s disease is from - low cortisol/aldosterone S/S of Addison's Disease? - hypotension, hypovolemia, tachycardia, low BG, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, fatigue, wt loss, lethargy, BRONZE APPEARANCE why do addisons pts look bronzed? - increased levels of ACTH what is addisons pt at risk for - dehydration, poor perfusion, infection what treatment med for addisons - corticosteroids (infection risk) what kind of diet for addisons pt - high sodium, low potassium pt edu about steroid use - dont stop meds abruptly, take med at same time, no sodium restriction how do we check tissue perfusion r/t fluid deficit - pox, BP, skin color, cap refill s/s of addison crisis - hypotension, bradycardia, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia Cause of Addison Crisis - infection, stress, withdrawl of meds what solution do we give to addisons pt? - normal saline and IV steroids cushings disease is - excess cortisol (glucocorticoid, prednisone) S/S of Cushing's Disease - HYPERglycemia, hypokalemia, wt gain, purple striate, buffalo hump, chicken legs, moon face, brittle bones how do we treat cushings? - treat underlying condition or restrict fluids to reduce sodium where is cortisol secreted - adrenal cortex Function of cortisol - sodium retention, increase BG what is cortisol given for - arthritis, edema, infection, cancerSide effects of corticosteroids - hyperglycemia, increased risk for infection what does it mean if you can palpate the thyroid? - it is enlarged parathyroid function - calcium regulation side effects of hypocalcemia - tremors, seizures, bone breakdown, chvosteks Normal calcium levels - 8.5-10.5 mg/dL Thyroid secretes - T3, T4, calcitonin T3 and T4 function - increase metabolism, cell development, temp regulation What does the pituitary gland secrete? (thyroid) - TSH Hyperthyroidism symptoms - tachycardia, HTN, heat intolerance, thin, exopthalamos, goiter risk for thyroid storm - infection, stress, thyroidectomy, tachycardia, fever what body system is most important to monitor during a thyroid storm? - cardiovascular - give beta blockers to decrease HR mental status for hyperthyroidism - agitation Meds for hyperthyroidism - PTU, tapazole, radioactive potassium iodine thyroidectomy - surgery to remove thyroid for hyperthyroidism radioactive precautions - need own toilet, flush several times, separate laundry, do not cook for other people diet for hyperthyroidism - high calorie, low fiber, high protein, high carb Complications of thyroidectomy - hoarseness, laryngeal spasm, hypocalcemia if parathyroid taken by accident