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MED SURG FINAL HESI 2023 LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWER
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MED SURG FINAL HESI 2023 LATESTEXAM QUESTIONSAND ANSWER
A client with a productive cough has obtained a sputum specimen for culture asinstructed.
What is the best initial nursing action?
• Administer the first dose of antibiotic therapy
• Observe the color, consistency, and amount of sputum C.
Encourage the client to consume plenty of warm liquids
D. Send the specimen to the lab for analysis - B. Observe the color, consistency, and
amount of sputum
A client is brought to the ED by ambulance in cardiac arrest with cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) in progress. The client is intubated and is receiving 100% oxygen per
self-inflating (ambu) bag. The nurse determines that the client is cyanotic, cold, and
diaphoretic. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain?
A. Breath sounds over bilateral lung fields.
B. Carotid pulsation during compressions
C. Deep tendon reflexes
D. Core body temperature - A. Breath sounds over bilateral lung fields.
After a hospitalization for Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH), a
client develops pontine myselinolysis. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
A. Reorient client to his
roomB. Place a patch on one
eye
C. Evaluate client's ability to swallow
D. Perform range of motion exercises - A. Reorient client to his room
A male client with heart failure (HF) calls the clinic and reports that he cannot put hisshoes
on because they are too tight. Which additional information should the nurse obtain?
• What time did he take his last medications?
• Has his weight changed in the last several days?C.
Is he still able to tighten his belt buckle?
D. How many hours did he sleep last night? - B. Has his weight changed in the lastseveral
days?
An older adult woman with a long history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
is admitted with progressive shortness of breath and a persistent cough. She is
anxious and is complaining of a dry mouth. Which intervention should the nurseimplement?
,A. Administer a prescribed sedative
B. Encourage client to drink water
C. Apply a high-flow venturi mask
D. Assist her to an upright position - D. Assist her to an upright position
A client with a history of asthma and bronchitis arrives at the clinic with shortness of breath,
productive cough with thickened tenacious mucous, and the inability to walk up a flight of
stairs without experiencing breathlessness. Which action is most important forthe nurse to
instruct the client about self-care?
• Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions
• Avoid crowded enclosed areas to reduce pathogen exposureC.
Call the clinic if undesirable side effects of mediations occur
D. Teach anxiety reduction methods for feelings of suffocation - A. Increase the daily
intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions
A cardiac catherterization of a client with heart disease indicates the following blockages:
95% proximal left anterior descending (LAD), 99% proximal circumflex, and
? % proximal right coronary artery (RCA). The client later asks the nurse "what does all this
mean for me?" What information should the nurse provide?
• Blood supply to the heart is diminished by artherosclerotic lesions, which necessitate
lifestyle changes.
• Blood vessels supplying the pumping chamber have blockages indicating a past heart
attack.
• Three main arteries have major blockages, with only 1 to 5% of blood flow getting
through to the heart muscle.
• The heart is not receiving enough blood, so there is a risk of heart failure and fluid
retention. - C. Three main arteries have major blockages, with only 1 to 5% of blood flow
getting through to the heart muscle.
A client who weighs 175 pounds is receiving IV bolus dose of heparin 80 units/kg. The
heparin is available in a 2 ml vial, labeled 10,000 units/ml. How many ml should the nurse
administer? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.) -
0.6 ml
What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan of a client diagnosedwith
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
• Sleep without pillows at night to maintain neck alignment.
• Adjust food intake to three full meals per day and no snacks.C.
Minimize symptoms by wearing loose, comfortable clothing
D. Avoid participation in any aerobic exercise programs - C. Minimize symptoms by
wearing loose, comfortable clothing
, The nurse is caring for a client with a lower left lobe pulmonary abscess. Which position
should the nurse instruct the client to maintain?
• left lateral
• Supine, knees
flexedC. Dorsal
recumbent
D. Knee-chest - A. left lateral
A client with cholelithiasis has a gallstone lodged in the common bile duct and is unableto eat
or drink without becoming nauseated and vomiting. Which finding should the nurse report to
the healthcare provider.
• Belching
• Amber urine
• C. Yellow sclera
D. Flatulence - C. Yellow sclera
While caring for a client with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), the nurse performs a
neurological assessment every four hours. Which assessment finding warrants immediate
intervention by the nurse?
A. Inappropriate laughter
B. Increasing anxiety
C. Weakened cough effort
D. Asymmetrical weakness - C. Weakened cough effort
The nurse is providing preoperative education for a Jewish client scheduled to receive a
xenograft graft to promote burn healing. Which information should the nurse provide this
client?
A. Grafting increases the risk for bacterial infections
B. The xenograft is taken from nonhuman sources
C. Grafts are later removed by a debriding procedure
D. As the burn heals, the graft permanently attaches - B. The xenograft is taken from
nonhuman sources
A male client who had colon surgery 3 days ago is anxious and requesting assistance to
reposition. While the nurse is turning him, the wound dehiscences and eviscerates. The nurse
moistens an available sterile dressing and places it over the wound. What intervention should
the nurse implement next?
A. Bring additional sterile dressing supplies to the room
B. Prepare the client to return to the operating room
C. Obtain a sample of the drainage to send to the lab
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