Laboratory notes on Arbitrary Classification of Plants
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Course
Pharmaceutical Botany With Taxonomy (PHA611)
Institution
University Of Santo Tomas
Laboratory notes on Arbitrary classification of Plants. Subtopics include the major classification of plants and classifications according to habit or form, lifespan, water requirements, mode of nutrition, habitat, and capacity to bear flowers, and 2-3 examples each.
University of Santo Tomas
Faculty of Pharmacy, BS Pharmacy Batch 2027
PHA611: Pharmaceutical Botany with Taxonomy (Laboratory)
Exercise 7: Arbitrary • Woody, green, scale/needle foliage
• Seed is not enclosed inside an ovary
Classification of Plants • E.g. sago palm, giant sequoia tree, pine trees, gingko,
ARBITRARY/ARTIFICIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS cycads
• Based on observable plant characteristics
• Cannot classify all plants Angiosperms
• Not universally applicable • Flowering plants
• Used only for easy and simple classification • Seed within ovaries
• Less time-consuming • Largest group
• E.g. trees, herbs, shrubs, bulbs, parasitic plants
MAJOR CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS
CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO HABIT/FORM
Non-vascular plants
Tree
• Height of >5 m
Land Plants
• Woody main trunk or stem
• Could live for several years
Non-vascular Vascular
plants plants
Shrub
• Height of <5 m
Bryophytes Pteridophytes Gymnosperms • Short main trunk or stem with numerous lateral
branches
• Could live for several years
Angiosperms
Herb
Bryophytes • Little or no woody tissue
• Some have water-conducting tubes • Soft stems
• Lack leaves, stems, and roots • E.g. oregano (Origanum vulgare), basil (Ocimum
• Usually found near bodies of water (e.g. riverbanks) or basilicum), celery (Apium graveolens)
places with lots of moisture
• E.g. mosses, liverworts, hornworts Vine
• Climbing or training or trailing stem
Vascular plants • Herbaceous vine or woody vine
Pteridophytes Liana
• Lycophytes, horsetails, whisker ferns • Woody climbing or trailing stems
• Seedless; spores reproduction • Long, flexible climbing stems that are rooted in the
• Embryo nourished by parent cell ground
• E.g. floating water moss (Salvinia natans) • Long, dangling branches
• Usually found in tropical rainforests
Gymnosperms • E.g. grapevine
• Male and female conifers
o Female conifers are larger than male conifers CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO LIFESPAN
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LIANRPh
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