The content of MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) 1st year typically includes foundational subjects such as Anatomy, Physiology, and Biochemistry. Students learn about the structure and function of the human body, basic biochemical processes, and physiological functions. Additionally,...
MBBS Year 1
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,MBBS Year 1 Contents Liyang Pan
MBBS Year 1 – Liyang Pan
Contents
Module 1: Foundations of Health and Medical Practice ................................................................................... 1
Background ........................................................................................................................................................ 1
[001] Structure, function and organisation ................................................................................................. 1
[002] Homeostasis ...................................................................................................................................... 2
[006] The Cell and its Contents .................................................................................................................. 3
[020] Cell Differentiation ........................................................................................................................... 4
Genetics, Proteins ............................................................................................................................................... 6
[007] Chromosomes, Genes and the Cell Cycle ......................................................................................... 6
[008] Meiosis, Mitosis, and Inheritance ..................................................................................................... 9
[009] DNA Structure and Replication ...................................................................................................... 11
[011] Transcription and its Control........................................................................................................... 13
[012] Translation: Protein Synthesis ......................................................................................................... 14
[013] Protein structure and function ......................................................................................................... 16
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[021] Molecular Biology and Medicine .................................................................................................... 20
Haemotology .................................................................................................................................................... 22
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[029] Blood Components and Blood Groups ............................................................................................ 22
[037] Anaemia .......................................................................................................................................... 24
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[003] Tissues and Organs ......................................................................................................................... 30
[004] Tissues and Organs ......................................................................................................................... 32
[015] Extracellular matrix and connective tissue ...................................................................................... 34
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[016] Connective tissue histology............................................................................................................. 37
[023] The importance of skin - an example epithelium ............................................................................ 39
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[025] Histology of epithelia ...................................................................................................................... 44
Embryology ...................................................................................................................................................... 47
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[017] Human Embryonic Development 1 ................................................................................................. 47
[018] Human Embryonic Development 2 ................................................................................................. 50
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[043] Cell Differentiation ......................................................................................................................... 55
Anatomy ........................................................................................................................................................... 56
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[028] Introduction to Anatomy 1 and 2 .................................................................................................... 56
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[039] Anatomy of the Lymphatic System ................................................................................................. 58
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Module 2: Infection and Defence ....................................................................................................................... 61
[003] Intro ................................................................................................................................................. 61
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Immunology ..................................................................................................................................................... 62
[004] Innate and Adaptive Immunity ........................................................................................................ 62
[009] Complement, phagocytosis and inflammation ................................................................................ 64
[013] The innate/adaptive interface .......................................................................................................... 67
[016] Antigen recognition by lymphocytes .............................................................................................. 67
[017] Humoral Immunity: the Antibody Response ................................................................................... 70
[014] Organs and Tissues of the Immune System; [018] Lymphoid organ histology .............................. 75
[024] Cell-mediated immunity.................................................................................................................. 80
[026] Generation of antigen receptor diversity ......................................................................................... 82
[027] How microbes avoid the immune system ........................................................................................ 84
[030] Mucosal immunity .......................................................................................................................... 85
[031] Healing and repair ........................................................................................................................... 87
[032] Vaccination ..................................................................................................................................... 90
[036] Immunological tolerance ................................................................................................................. 92
[037] Autoimmune disease ....................................................................................................................... 93
[038] Emerging Infectious Diseases ......................................................................................................... 96
[039] Allergy and other immune hypersensitivities .................................................................................. 97
[040] Ageing and immunity ...................................................................................................................... 99
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,MBBS Year 1 Contents Liyang Pan
[041] Immunodeficiency ........................................................................................................................ 103
[042] Transplantation.............................................................................................................................. 104
Virology ......................................................................................................................................................... 105
[005] Viruses: Structure & Properties..................................................................................................... 105
[006] How Viruses Multiply ................................................................................................................... 106
[015] Transmission and epidemiology of viruses ................................................................................... 109
[021] How viruses cause disease ............................................................................................................ 111
[028] Laboratory Investigation of Viral Infections ................................................................................. 113
[029] Virological Diagnosis.................................................................................................................... 115
[035] Antivirals....................................................................................................................................... 117
Bacteriology ................................................................................................................................................... 118
[007] Bacteria: structure and properties .................................................................................................. 118
[008] Bacteria: ecology, source and routes of transmission ................................................................... 122
[010] Antibiotics ..................................................................................................................................... 126
[012] Bacterial Diagnosis: The Gram stain ............................................................................................ 129
[025] How bacteria cause disease ........................................................................................................... 129
Eukaryotic infections...................................................................................................................................... 134
[019] Fungal Infections ........................................................................................................................... 134
[020] Parasitic Infections ........................................................................................................................ 135
Case Studies ................................................................................................................................................... 137
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EBV ........................................................................................................................................................ 137
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Streptococcus pyogenes .......................................................................................................................... 139
Mycobacterium tuberculosis ................................................................................................................... 142
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Malaria .................................................................................................................................................... 148
Human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ........................................ 152
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Module 3: Circulation and breathing ............................................................................................................. 158
[001] Intro ............................................................................................................................................... 158
[002] Processes at membranes ................................................................................................................ 158
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[003] Membrane potential; [010] Excitable cells ................................................................................... 160
Nervous system .............................................................................................................................................. 163
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[004] Introduction to the nervous system ............................................................................................... 163
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[007] & [011] The autonomic nervous system 1 & 2 ............................................................................. 164
[054] & [056] Central nervous control of the circulation; significance in health and disease 1 & 2 ...... 168
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Circulation ...................................................................................................................................................... 171
Cardiac physiology ..................................................................................................................................... 171
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[005] Cardiac action potentials and excitation-contraction coupling ...................................................... 171
[034] The cardiac cycle .......................................................................................................................... 173
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[038] Spread of excitation through the heart and an introduction to the Electrocardiogram .................. 175
[040] ECG and heart disease .................................................................................................................. 176
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[043] & [044] Cardiodynamics and cardiac output 1 & 2 ...................................................................... 178
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Vascular physiology ................................................................................................................................... 184
[039] Dependence of blood flow on driving pressure and resistance ..................................................... 184
[042] The microcirculation and tissue fluid exchange ............................................................................ 186
[048] Nervous, local and humoral control of vascular resistance and distribution of blood flow .......... 189
[049] Factors influencing coronary, cerebral, skeletal muscle & skin circulations ................................ 193
Blood physiology ........................................................................................................................................ 195
[018] Haemoglobin structure and function ............................................................................................. 195
[019] Structure and function of blood with respect to carriage of gases ................................................. 198
[027] Acid-base balance ......................................................................................................................... 202
Breathing ........................................................................................................................................................ 206
[006] Control of Ventilation ................................................................................................................... 206
[013] Mechanisms of pulmonary ventilation, [014] Pulmonary mechanics ........................................... 208
[017] Gaseous exchange ......................................................................................................................... 215
[020] Factors influencing gas exchange ................................................................................................. 218
Pathology ....................................................................................................................................................... 222
[021] Influence of disease on respiratory function ................................................................................. 222
[033] Immune mediated pathology of the lung ....................................................................................... 223
[036] Pneumonia ..................................................................................................................................... 228
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[037] Viral respiratory infections ........................................................................................................... 232
[050] Heart disease - the modern epidemic ............................................................................................ 235
[058] Asthma - how do we treat it? ........................................................................................................ 239
[059] Hypertension - the action of therapeutics ...................................................................................... 239
Histology ........................................................................................................................................................ 240
[008] Muscles and blood vessels ............................................................................................................ 240
[009] Muscles and blood vessels ............................................................................................................ 246
[016] Respiratory system ........................................................................................................................ 248
Embryology .................................................................................................................................................... 249
[025] Development of the respiratory system ......................................................................................... 249
[047] Development of the heart .............................................................................................................. 254
Anatomy ......................................................................................................................................................... 260
Nervous system....................................................................................................................................... 260
Thoracic cage, lungs, and pleura ............................................................................................................ 262
The heart ................................................................................................................................................. 268
The anterior, superior and posterior mediastinum .................................................................................. 274
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[001] Why eat? ....................................................................................................................................... 279
[002] Enzymes and catalysis................................................................................................................... 281
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[004] Control of blood glucose ............................................................................................................... 283
[007] Overview of metabolism ............................................................................................................... 283
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[008] Enzymes in medicine .................................................................................................................... 285
[013] Formation of ATP ......................................................................................................................... 288
[017] & [028] Carbohydrate metabolism 1 and 2 ................................................................................... 290
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[030] Fat digestion and metabolism ........................................................................................................ 294
[031] Disaccharide intolerance ............................................................................................................... 296
[041] Synthesis and storage of fats as an energy reserve ........................................................................ 297
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[045] Citric acid cycle ............................................................................................................................ 299
[049] Principles of metabolic regulation ................................................................................................. 302
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[054] & [059] The urea cycle and its control .......................................................................................... 303
Nutrition ......................................................................................................................................................... 305
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[032] Diet and Health ............................................................................................................................. 305
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[033] Micronutrients: vitamins and minerals .......................................................................................... 307
[043] Energy balance: overweight and obesity ....................................................................................... 309
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[046] Cholesterol and plasma lipoproteins ............................................................................................. 313
[047] Undernutrition: protein-energy malnutrition ................................................................................. 315
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[055] Nitrogen balance and protein requirements ................................................................................... 317
[056] Deamination and transamination of amino acids .......................................................................... 319
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Physiology ...................................................................................................................................................... 320
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Gastrointestinal tract ................................................................................................................................... 320
[006] Overview of function; salivary secretion ...................................................................................... 320
[015] Gastric secretion ............................................................................................................................ 324
[018] Pancreas and Liver ........................................................................................................................ 330
[019] & [020] Intestinal absorption ........................................................................................................ 332
[022] Motility ......................................................................................................................................... 337
Renal ........................................................................................................................................................... 340
[052] Body fluid compartments .............................................................................................................. 340
[057] Overview of kidney function ........................................................................................................ 341
[060] Glomerular filtration ..................................................................................................................... 342
[062] Sodium and water transport .......................................................................................................... 344
[066] & [069] Renal clearance ................................................................................................................ 345
[067] & [073] Control of plasma osmolarity and extracellular volume .................................................. 346
[072] & [075] Renal control of electrolytes and acid-base balance ........................................................ 348
Pathology ....................................................................................................................................................... 350
[021] Parasite infections of the GI tract .................................................................................................. 350
[027] Bacterial infections of the GI tract ................................................................................................ 352
[034] Viral infections of the GI tract ...................................................................................................... 355
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