Inflation is the persistent increase in the overall price level of goods and services in an economy, resulting in a decrease in the purchasing power of a unit of currency over time. It is a key economic indicator that reflects the general rise in prices, impacting consumers, businesses, and the ove...
BA Exam (elaborations) Econ Microeconomics
ECS4862 Assignment 3 (COMPLETE ANSWERS) 1 2024 - DUE 16 August
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Inflation
Inflation is the sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services
in an economy over time, resulting in a decrease in the purchasing power of a
currency.
Causes Of Inflation
Demand-Pull Inflation
Occurs when the demand for goods and services exceeds their supply, leading to
an increase in prices.
Cost-Push Inflation
Arises when the costs of production, such as wages and raw materials, rise,
causing businesses to pass these higher costs onto consumers.
Built-In or Wage-Price Inflation
Occurs when workers demand higher wages, and businesses pass those
increased labor costs on to consumers in the form of higher prices.
Monetary Inflation
Caused by an increase in the money supply in an economy, often due to central
banks printing more money.
Supply Chain Disruptions
Events like natural disasters, geopolitical tensions, or global pandemics can
disrupt the supply chain, leading to shortages and higher prices.
Speculative Bubble
When investors drive up the prices of assets, such as real estate or stocks, based
on expectations of future price increases.
Conclusion
These factors can interact, creating complex situations where multiple causes
contribute to inflation.
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