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CCEA Digital Technology AS 1 2024/2025 already graded A+
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CCEA Digital Technology AS 1 2024/2025 already graded A+
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CCEA Digital Technology AS 1Factors affecting the software crisis - ANS1. Systems were over budget
2. Systems were not being delivered on schedule
3. Formal methids were not being used
4. Systems were bevoming more complex
5. Systems did not meet the user requirements
6. Expensive to maintain.
Main stages of development - ANSAnalysis- identify problems and the user requirements
Design- plans for enough detail for third party implementation
Implementation- development process
Testing- determines that the user requirements have been met and uncovers bugs
Installation- involves change over methods and how the system is installed in the customers
place of work
Factors affecting systems development - ANSUSERS NEEDS- people using a system can
become frustrated or dissatisfied with the current system if used on a regular basis
TIME - the requirements of the business may have changed or the business may have
expanded
- technical support may no longer be available
- technological developments may make the current system outdated
COST - systems may be too expensive to maintain
Computer system - ANSConsists of a user interface which allows data to be entered that
requires processing and outputs the results after processing.
User interface - ANS-User can interact with the computer system
-User can input data
-System outputs results and information
-For example GUI and a CLI
Process - ANS-A action carried out by the computer system
-Takes raw data and converts it into information
-Results from one process may be passed on to other processes
Systems Analyst - ANS-Liaises with the client
-Carries out feasibility study to see if the software is possible or not
-Identifies the user requirements
-Undertakes fact finding
, -Defines the system specification
Project Manager - ANS-To oversee the project
-To allocate the budget
-Allocates resources- personnel, hardware, software, budget
-Identifies risks
-Reports back to the client
Programmer - ANS-Writes the code from the module specification
-Tests the code using a test plan
-Debugs the code
-Documents the code
Purpose of analysis - ANS-Identify the requirements of the system
-Identify inputs and outputs of the system
-Describe the system using a DFD and a commentary
-Identify hardware and software constraints
-Develop a data model
Observation - ANS-Users are shadowed as they perform a particular task
-Identifies what their role entails/data required/abilities and constraints
Interviews - ANS-Users are asked questions on a one-to-one basis or in groups
-It may be structured or unstructured
-Follow up questions can be asked
Document sampling - ANS-Identifies the data an organisation needs, how this data flows
through the organisation
-Existing documents such as forms, invoices, receipts, orders and reports are sampled to see
how data is input, processed and output
Questionnaires - ANS-A set of open or closed questions developed as king's key points about
the current system
-A wide selection of users are asked
Functional User Requirements - ANS-Specifies what the system must do for the specific
application
-It is a function or a process
Non functional user requirements - ANS-Specifies an additional condition the system must meet
-It is not specific to the system itself
What is the purpose of a data flow diagram (DFD)? - ANS-Shows how data flows through a
system
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