Lymphedema questions with complete solution 2023/2024

Lymphedema_______________ is composed of a network of vessels, ducts, 600-700 nodes, and organs that function in defense against infection and balance of fluids throughout the body - correct answer lymphatic system The main components of lymphatic fluid are___________ found in the extracellular spaces. In a normal state, the lymphatic system transports this fluid back to the _________________ - correct answer water and protein; venous circulation ______________ refers to a medical condition where there is swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues - correct answer lymphedema What are 4 signs/symptoms of lymphedema? - correct answer increased size of limb, sensory disturbances, stiffness/limited ROM, and decreased resistance to infection Which type of lymphedema is due to structural malformation and is the LEAST common? - correct answer primary lymphedema Which type of lymphedema is due to surgical dissection of lymph nodes, infection/inflammation, obstruction or fibrosis, combined venous-lymphatic dysfunction, or comprehensive cancer mgmt? - correct answer secondary lymphedema The most common cause of secondary lymphedema is due to ___________________ - correct answer comprehensive cancer management _____________ is an objective test for lymphedema in the extremities that is positive if there is an inability or difficulty in pinching skin on dorsal surface of toes or fingers - correct answer Stemmer's sign Management of lymphedema includes what 4 things? - correct answer MLD, exercise, compression therapy, and skin care/hygiene What does MLD stand for re: lymphedema? - correct answer manual lymphatic drainage What 3 precautions should be observed when working with pts with lymphedema? - correct answer no hot tub, avoid pendulum exercises if UE affected, avoid exertion causing aching in muscles ____________ is present when pressure on the edematous tissues with the fingertips causes an indentation of the skin that persists for several seconds after the pressure is removed. This reflects significant but short-duration edema with little or no fibrotic changes in skin or subcutaneous tissues. - correct answer pitting edema ____________ is present when pressure on the edematous areas feels hard with palpation. This reflects a more severe form of interstitial swelling with progressive, fibrotic changes in subcutaneous tissues. - correct answer brawny edema _____________ represents the most severe and long-duration form of lymphedema. Fluids leak from cuts or sores; wound healing is significantly impaired. Lymphedema of this severity occurs almost exclusively in the lower extremities. - correct answer weeping edema Pitting edema scale __________ refers to when the indentation is barely detectable. - correct answer 1+ Pitting edema scale _________ refers to when there is a slight indentation visible when skin is depressed, and returns to normal in 15 seconds. - correct answer 2+ Pitting edema scale ________ refers to when a deeper indentation occurs when pressed, and returns to normal within 30 seconds. - correct answer 3+ Pitting edema scale _________ refers to when the indentation lasts for more than 30 seconds. - correct answer 4+