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Rasmussen Mental Health Exam- Questions And Answers 100% Correct 2024/2025
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Rasmussen Mental Health Exam- 2/Questions And Answers/ 100% Correct. Stress Correct ans - "Fight or flight response" In times of stress the sympathetic nervous system assumes control and sends signals to the adrenal glands, releasing epinephrine (adrenaline). The circulating adren...

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  • January 16, 2024
  • 42
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
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Rasmussen Mental Health Exam- 2/Questions And
Answers/ 100% Correct.

Stress Correct ans - "Fight or flight response"

In times of stress the sympathetic nervous system assumes control and
sends signals to the adrenal glands, releasing epinephrine (adrenaline). The
circulating adrenaline causes these expected effects:

Increases heart rate
Increases respiration rate
Increases blood pressure
Increases blood flow to skeletal muscles
Increases muscle tension
Apprehension
Unhappiness or sorrow
Decreased appetite
Increased metabolism and glucose use
Depressed immune system

Prolonged stress Correct ans - Maladaptive response

When stress is prolonged or people are not able to relax, they remain in
chronic low levels of stress. The body stays alert for a prolonged period of
time. A sustained increase in the chemicals produced by the stress response
(cortisol, adrenaline, and other catecholamines) can have damaging effects
on the body, causing physical diseases including a substantial negative
effect on the immune system, leaving individuals vulnerable to autoimmune
diseases.

Prolonged stress causes:
-Chronic anxiety or panic attacks
-Depression, chronic pain, sleep disturbances
-Weight gain or loss
-Increased risk for MI and stroke
-Poor diabetes control, hypertension, fatigue, irritability, decreased ability to
concentrate
-Increased risk for infection

Nursing interventions for stress Correct ans - **Cognitave behavioral
therapy and SSRI's are first line of treatment

Do not abruptly discontinue medication; can cause suicidal ideations

Assess risk for suicide and implement safety precautions

,Monitor pt's ability to perform ADL's and encourage independence

Therapeutic communication develop nurse-client relationship

Counseling

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Correct ans - People who
experience/witness any traumatic event. Will feel extraordinary helplessness
or powerlessness in the face of stressors; lack of energy; sad with blunted
affect; poor grooming/lack of hygiene; slow speech, decreased verbalization,
delayed responses.

Four cardinal symptoms of PTSD Correct ans - • Intrusive
reexperiencing of the initial trauma (flashbacks, nightmares, unwanted
distressing memories of the event, feelings of unreality)

• Avoidance (avoid all memories and feelings as well as people or places that
might recall the event)

• Persistent negative alterations in cognitions and mood (distorted cognitions
about themselves and others [fear, guilt] and feelings of detachment)

• Alteration and arousal and activity (irritability, angry outbursts, self-
destructive behavior, exaggerated startle response, hypervigilance, sleep
difficulties)

Optimal outcomes for PTSD patients Correct ans - • Patient and others
will remain safe.

• Patient will receive treatment for co-occurring conditions.

• Patient will attend support group meetings.

• Patient will expand social support network.

• Patient will exhibit an increase in restful sleep periods.

• Patient will have fewer nightmares and flashbacks.

• Patient will express decreased irritability.

• Patient will be able to demonstrate effective anxiety reduction techniques

Pharmacotherapy for PTSD Correct ans - Depression ->
Antidepressants

,Flashbacks -> SSRI antidepressants (fluoxetine), buspirone augmentation of
SSRI, second-generation antipsychotics

Panic attacks -> Antidepressants, MAOI's, high-potency benzodiazepines

Hyperarousal -> Antidepressants, benzodiazepines, α2-adrenergic agonists,
anticonvulsants

Nightmares -> prazosin (Minipress)

Nursing diagnosis for PTSD Correct ans - Disturbed thought process

Sleep deprivation r/t nightmares associated with traumatic event

Post-trauma syndrome r/t exposure to traumatic event

***Prioritize nursing diagnoses for PTSD related to safety/violence and self-
harm

Cognitive behavioral therapy Correct ans - Uses cognitive reframing to
help the patient identify negative thoughts that produce anxiety, examine
the cause, and develop supportive ideas that replace negative self-talk.

Stress management techniques Correct ans - Relaxation techniques
-Meditation
-Guided imagery
-Breathing exercises
-Journal writing
-Priority restructuring

Reframing
-Changes the way we look at and feel about things
-There are many ways to interpret the same reality such as seeing the glass
as half full rather than half empty

Sleep
-Getting healthy amounts of sleep (8 hrs)

Aerobic exercise
-It is recommended for at least 30 minutes, three times a week

Lower/eliminate caffeine intake
-Such a simple measure can lead to more energy, fewer muscle aches, and
greater relaxation

, Anxiety Correct ans - Feeling of apprehension, uneasiness,
uncertainty, or dread resulting from a real or perceived threat whose actual
source is unknown or unrecognized.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) Correct ans - Basically, GAD is
characterized by excessive, persistent, and uncontrollable anxiety, and by
excessive and constant worrying. It is sometimes referred to as the "worry
disease."

**Symptoms lasted for 6 months

(e.g., What if I'm late? ...What if I fail? ...What if I am fired?)

Manifestations of GAD Correct ans - Restlessness
Muscle tension
Avoidance of stressful activities or events
Procrastination in decision making
Increased effort preparing for stressful activities
Seeks repeated reassurance
Pacing

Mild anxiety Correct ans - May have heightened perceptual field.
Is alert and can see, hear, and grasp what is happening in the environment.
Can identify issues that are disturbing and are producing anxiety.

Able to work effectively toward a goal and examine alternatives.

Manifestations of mild anxiety Correct ans - -Slight discomfort

-Attention-seeking behaviors

-Restlessness

-Irritability or impatience

-Mild tension-relieving behavior: foot or finger tapping, lip chewing, fidgeting

Moderate anxiety Correct ans - Has narrow perceptual field; grasps
less of what is occurring. Can attend to more if pointed out by another
(selective inattention).

Able to solve problems but not at optimal ability
Benefits from guidance of others.

Manifestations of moderate anxiety Correct ans - -Voice tremors

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