NR 601 Midterm Exam (Latest ) New Full Questions and Answers ( Included ) 100% Correct

NR 601 Midterm Exam (Latest ) New Full Questions and Answers ( Included ) 100% Correct 1. What are the 3 primary physiological changes of aging?: 1. Reduced physiological reserve of most body systems, esp. cardiac, resp, renal. 2. Reduced homeostaticmechanismsthat fail to adjustregulatory systems(ontrol, fluid/lyte balance, etc.). 3. Impaired immunological function (infection risk is greater, autoimmune dz's moreprevalent) 2. What is the preferred amount of exercise for elderly?: 30min/day 5 days/wkof moderate exercise. If trying to lose wt: 60min/day. 3. What are PFTs?: Group of tests that provide quantifiable measurement of lung function, used to dx resp abnormalities or assess progression/resolution of lung dz. 4. What is FEV1?: Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (80-120%) 5. What is FVC?: Forced Vital Capacity (80-120%) 6. What is normal FEV1/FVC ratio?: 0.7 (70%) 7. What is GOLD 1 criteria?: MildFEV1 /= 80% predicted 8. What is GOLD 2 criteria?: ModerateFEV1 50-79% predicted 9. What is GOLD 3 criteria?: SevereFEV1 30-49% predicted 10. What is GOLD 4 criteria?: Very severeFEV1 30% predicted 11. What are the signal symptoms of COPD?: DyspneaChronic cough w/sputum Decreased activity toleranceWheezing 12. What are characteristics of COPD?: Common, preventable, treatable. Characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Usually progressive, associated with enhanced chronic inflammatory response inairways and lungs to noxious particles/gases Airway fibrosis, luminal plugs, airway inflammation, increased airway resistance,small airway dz. Decreased elastic recoil of alveoli. 13. What are risk factors for COPD?: Smoking (increasing w/number of packyears) Second hand smoke Environmental pollution (endotoxins, coal dust, mineral dust) 14. What is seen on phys exam in COPD?: May be normal in early states As severity progresses: lung hyperinflation, decreased breath sounds, wheezes atbases, distant heart tones (b/c of hyperinflation, so S1/S2 sounds off in distance), accessory muscle use, pursed lip breathing, increased expiratory phase, neck veindistention