Pharmacology of Opioids question n answers graded A+ 2023/2024

Pharmacology of OpioidsDescribe the mechanism of action of opioid drugs - correct answer *MOA* -They bind to opioid receptors in the CNS (*Ussage, 2*)-- inhibiting ascending pain pathways and producing generalized CNS depression (*Cerebral towel, 18*) Onset of action is patient dependent. Therefore, dosing must be individualized. How long does it take for oral opioids to take effect? What about IV? - correct answer *Oral* -~30 minutes *IV* ~5 to 10 minutes List the duration of each of the following: 1. Immediate-release formulations (tablet, oral solution, injection) 2. Suppository 3. Extended release capsule and tablet 4. Epidural or intrathecal - correct answer *1. Immediate-release formulations (tablet, oral solution, injection) * -~ 3-5 hours *2. Suppository* - ~3-7 hours *3. Extended-release capsule and tablet* - ~8-24 hours *4. Epidural or intrathecal*