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Summary orthopaedics scientific skills - analysing and discussing scientific articles
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a step-by-step plan with theory for discussing scientific articles for the subject of scientific skills 1 in orthopaedics
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Wetenschappelijke artikels analyseren/bespreken: Characteristics of a good research
1) Researcher is objective and open to any possible outcomes
- Research is general breed, algemeen
- Not influenced by (individual/subjective) judgements, prejudices, opinions and wishes
- Describes a true and correct reality, independent of those involved in the research process
- Relevant/applicable to a “sample” population
2) The method and the results can be verified: transparent, complete, open
- Transparent, complete, open
3) The study is repeatable
- Others must be able to repeat the examination, to apply the methods already described in
another study
4) Systematic and structured research
Research is carried out step by step, phases of the research are well defined
- Identify the problem.
- Review literature.
- Define research question (objectives and hypotheses).
- Decide the research design.
- Describe the population/sample.
- Collect data.
- Process and analyze data.
- Write the report
What was the research goal/aim?
≠ research question
research methodology:
- Research design
- Sampling methods
- Data collection techniques
- Data analysis
- Interpretation of finding
Phases of a research:
1
, Describe the:
- population
= includes all members of a defined group
- sample
= subset of population, sampling
= moeilijker voor een review/literaire studie
Representative: must contain the characteristics of the population
(simple) random sampling: everyone in the population has an equal chance of being se-
lected
1) Stratified sampling: is appropriate when you want to ensure that specific characteristics
are proportionally represented in the sample. You split your population into strata (for ex-
ample, divided by gender or race), and then randomly select from each of these sub-
groups.
2) Cluster sampling = getrapte steekproef
= Binnen de volledige populatie een selectie maken voor steekproef
Sample size:
In general: the larger the sample size, the more statistically significant it is — meaning
there’s less of a chance that your results happened “by coincidence”.
Often, it is calculated at the start of the research, and depends on:
Size of the population
2
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