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Nutrition NCLEX Exam - Questions With Solutions
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Nutrition NCLEX Exam - Questions With SolutionsThe nurse is reinforcing diet teaching for a client on a low-sodium diet for
hypertension. The nurse determines that there is a need for further
teaching when the client makes which statement?
1."This diet will help lower my blood pressure."
2."The reason I need lower salt intake is to reduce fluid retention."
3."This diet is not a replacement for my antihypertensive medications."
4."Canned foods are inexpensive and are good to use on a low-sodium
diet." Correct Ans - 4."Canned foods are inexpensive and are good
to use on a low-sodium diet."
A low-sodium diet is used as an adjunct to antihypertensive medications
for the treatment of hypertension. Any commercial food that contains
preservative is a significant source of sodium. Sodium retains fluid, which
leads to hypertension secondary to increased fluid volume. Canned foods
use salt as a preservative and should not be encouraged as part of a low-
sodium diet. Lifelong medication is necessary in the treatment of
hypertension.
A hospitalized client is a lacto-vegetarian. Which food item should the
nurse remove from the meal tray?
1.Eggs
2.Milk
3.Cheese
4.Broccoli Correct Ans - 1.Eggs
Lacto-vegetarians eat milk, cheese, and dairy foods but avoid meat, fish,
poultry, and eggs.
,A hospitalized client is a lacto-vegetarian. Which food item should the
nurse remove from the meal tray?Test-Taking Strategy(ies):
Focus on the subject, lacto-vegetarian. With that in mind, immediately
eliminate broccoli. From the remaining three options, note that milk and
cheese are dairy products, making them comparable or alike, so they can be
eliminated. Eggs are the food items that are not consumed by lacto-
vegetarians; however, they are eaten by lacto-ovo vegetarians.
The nurse instructs a client at risk for hypokalemia from thiazide diuretic
therapy about foods that are high in potassium. The nurse determines that
there is a need for further teaching if the client states that which foods are
high in potassium and should be included in the diet plan? Select all that
apply.
1.Eggs
2.Beef
3.Pork
4.Raisins
5.White bread with butter Correct Ans - 1.Eggs
5.White bread with butter
The client was incorrect to state that eggs and bread and butter are good
sources of potassium. One large egg provides 66 mg of potassium. White
bread and butter is approximately 120 mg. One-half cup of raisins contains
700 mg of potassium. Four ounces of beef contains 420 mg, and 4 ounces of
pork contains 525 mg of potassium.
The nurse reinforces instructions to a client to increase the amount of
riboflavin in the diet. The nurse should tell the client to select which food
item that is high in riboflavin?
1.Milk
,2.Tomatoes
3.Citrus fruits
4.Green, leafy vegetables Correct Ans - 1.Milk
Food sources of riboflavin include milk, lean meats, fish, and grains.
Tomatoes and citrus fruits are high in vitamin C. Green leafy vegetables are
high in folic acid.
Focus on the subject, food sources high in riboflavin. Knowledge regarding
food items that are high in riboflavin is required to answer this question.
Remember that milk is a food source of riboflavin, so this will help you to
eliminate the remaining options.
A client with a burn injury is transferred to the nursing unit, and a regular
diet has been prescribed. The nurse encourages the client to eat which
dietary items to promote wound healing?
1.Veal, potatoes, gelatin, and orange juice
2.Chicken breast, broccoli, strawberries, and milk
3.Peanut butter and jelly sandwich, cantaloupe, and tea
4.Spaghetti with tomato sauce, garlic bread, and ginger ale Correct Ans
- 2.Chicken breast, broccoli, strawberries, and milk
Protein and vitamin C are necessary for wound healing. Poultry and milk
are good sources of protein. Broccoli and strawberries are good sources of
vitamin C. Peanut butter is a source of niacin. Gelatin and jelly have no
nutrient value. Spaghetti is a complex carbohydrate.
A postoperative client has been placed on a clear liquid diet. Which items is
the client allowed to consume? Select all that apply.
1.Broth
2.Coffee
, 3.Gelatin
4.Pudding
5.Ice cream
6.Vegetable juice Correct Ans - 1.Broth
2.Coffee
3.Gelatin
A clear liquid diet consists of foods that are relatively transparent to light
and are clear and liquid at room and body temperature. These foods
include water, bouillon, clear broth, carbonated beverages, gelatin,
lemonade, Popsicles, and regular or decaffeinated coffee or tea. Pudding,
ice cream, and vegetable juices are allowed on a full liquid diet.
A client who has calcium phosphate kidney stones tells the nurse, "Tell me
what I can do, so that I never have this pain again." Which instructions
should the nurse plan to include in the reinforcement of dietary
instructions? Select all that apply.
1.Avoid spinach.
2.Decrease sodium intake.
3.Limit the intake of organ meats.
4.Limit the intake of whole grains.
5.Limit protein to 5 to 7 servings per week. Correct Ans -
2.Decrease sodium intake.
4.Limit the intake of whole grains.
5.Limit protein to 5 to 7 servings per week.
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