Nursing Pharmacology (Drugs)
albuterol - Correct Answer-(SABA) short acting beta 2 receptor agonist, used for
bronchospasm, acute symptoms of asthma
acetaminophen - Correct Answer-centrally acting cox inhibitor; analgesic and antipyretic
properties; no antiinflammatory,antirheumatic properties
acyclovir - Correct Answer-Antimetabolite for Treating Herpes Simplex Virus &
Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections;
MOAs: Purine necleoside analog: DNA polymerase inhibitor, suppresses synthesis of
viral DNA, resistance.
amiodarone - Correct Answer-Class 3 Potassium channel blocker
Only approved for life-threatening dysrhythmias.
Delays repolarization and extends action potential of heart muscle cells.
SE: Profound hypotension."
amoxicillin - Correct Answer-Broad-spectrum penicillin active against H. influenzae, E.
coli, and N. Gonorrhoeae. It is inactivated by beta-lactamases, so not helpful for
Staphylococcus.
atropine - Correct Answer-muscinarinic receptor antagonist/anticholinergic drug; used
for mydriases (eye exams), to raise HR, lower GI motility, and as antidote to muscarinic
poisoning (rx, shrooms)
amphotericin B - Correct Answer-broad spectrum antifungal, which is the agent of
choice for systemic mycoses, despite being highly toxic. Its uses are limited to treating
progressive and potentially fatal infections. Adverse effects include infusion reactions,
nephrotoxicity, and hypokalemia.
aspirin - Correct Answer-A drug that decrease platelet aggregation and is used to
prevent arterial thrombosis, stroke, or MI. Major SEs include risk of major GI bleeding.
This drug is an NSAID that works by inhibiting platelet COX, COX-1, and COX-2.
beclomethasone - Correct Answer-inhaled corticosteroid used to treat airway
inflammation in asthma
bethanechol - Correct Answer-muscarinic agnonist, used primarily for urinary retention
buproprion - Correct Answer-(DA and NE). Weight loss, seizure, insomnia, headache,
serotonin syndrome (see laundry list above), withdrawal, Neonatal Abstinence
Syndrome
, captopril - Correct Answer-ACE inhibitor - shown to have efficacious effects in treating a
patient with heart failure. Blocks production of angiotensin II, dilates arterioles and
veins, and decreases release of aldosterone. It may show the adverse effects of
hypotension, hyperkalemia, or persistant cough, CARDIAC REMODELING
carbenicillin - Correct Answer-"Extended spectrum (antipseudomonal penicillins), which
has the same spectrum of activity as broad-spectrum penicillins, plus treatment of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
cefotaxime - Correct Answer-"Third generation cephalosporin with activity against
meningitis and nosocomial infections resistant to others (restricted use). It has greater
activity against Gram negative bacteria, increased resistance to beta-lactamases, and
better ability to reach CSF.
cephalexin - Correct Answer-"First generation cephalosporin poor activity against Gram
negative bacteria, sensitive to to most beta-lactamases, unable to reach CSF. Used for
Staphylococcus if mild penicillin allergy.
celecoxib - Correct Answer-2nd Generation Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drug (COX-2
Selective NSAID); AE: risk of CV events, warfarin may be more effective with celecoxib
cholestyramine - Correct Answer-Inhibits bile reabsorption in intenstine, increases LDL
receptors in liver, accelerates bile excretion. Many of the adverse effects result from the
drug not being absorbed from GI, including constipation and a decreased absorption of
fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, & K).
ciprofloxacin - Correct Answer-fluoroquinolone
broad -cidal. PO tetracycline and cipro should NOT BE GIVEN WITH ANTACIDS.
ALSO KNOW IT CAN RUPTURE TENDONS AND CAUSE CANDIDA. "
codeine - Correct Answer-antitussive, AE: respiratory depression
also weak mu opioid agonist
clozapine - Correct Answer-atypical antipsychotic; 2nd Gen. Treats negative symptoms.
Greater efficacy than 1st gen. Fewer EPS/tardive dyskinesia side effects. SE:
Agranulocytosis and Metabolic effects (Weight gain, diabetes, hyperlipidemia)
clonidine - Correct Answer-alpha 2 agonist, HTN drug -> vasodilation
clavulanic acid - Correct Answer-A penicillinase inhibitor that is combined with a broad
spectrum penicillin to increase is bactericidal activity.
clopidogrel - Correct Answer-decreases platelet aggregation and is used to prevent
arterial thrombosis or stroke. Major SEs include risk of major GI bleeding. This drug is
not an NSAID and does not inhibit COX
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