UTA
5315
Exam
5
Renal
and
Repro
questions
with
correct
answers
2024
Inversly
-
answer-phosphorus
and
calcium
are
_______
related
Decreases,
increases
-
answer-Calcium
__________
in
renal
failure,
so
phosphorus
______________
Nephron
-
answer-Functions:
filtration,
reabsorption,
secretion
glomerular
filtration
-
answer-The
first
step
in
urine
formation
in
which
substances
in
blood
pass
through
the
filtration
membrane
and
the
filtrate
enters
the
proximal
convoluted
tubule
of
the
nephron.
Glomerular
filtration
rate
GFR
-
answer-amount
of
filtrate
formed
in
all
the
renal
corpuscles
of
both
kidneys
each
minute;
filtration
of
plasma
per
unit
of
time;
directly
related
to
the
perfusion
pressure
in
the
glomerular
capillaries;
filtrate
enters
proximal
tubule
@
125ml/min
proximal
convoluted
tubule
-
answer-first
section
of
the
renal
tubule
that
the
blood
flows
through;
Reabsorbs
all
the
glucose
and
reabsorbs
amino
acids,
most
of
the
HCO3,
a,
Cl,
phosphate,
K,
H20;
If
serum
glucose
is
>180
mg/dL,
the
renal
threshold
for
glucose
is
exceeded
and
results
in
glucosuria
and
damage
associated
with
DM;
When
stimulated
by
the
parathyroid
hormone,
this
tubule
excretes
phosphate;
The
site
of
action
for
angiotensin
II,
which
stimulates
Na,
H20,
and
Bicarb
reabsorption Descending
loop
of
Henle
-
answer-section
of
nephron
tubing
that
extends
from
proximal
tubule;
impermeable
to
Na,
passively
reabsorbs
water
and
concentrates
urine
ascending
loop
of
henle
-
answer-section
of
nephron
tubing
that
extends
from
descending
loop
of
henle;
actively
reabsorbs
Na,
K,
Cl;
Induces
the
reabsorption
of
magnesium
and
Ca
and
is
IMPEREABLE
to
water
->
making
the
urine
more
dilute
distal
convoluted
tubule
-
answer-Between
the
descending
loop
of
Henle
and
the
collecting
duct;
Selective
reabsorption
and
secretion
occur
here,
actively
reabsorbs
Na;
Impermeable
to
water,
making
urine
more
dilute;
Parathyroid
hormone
increases
Ca
reabsorption
here
Collecting
tubule
-
answer-Extends
from
the
distal
convoluted
tubule
and
connects
with
the
renal
pyramids;
Reabsorbs
Na
in
exchange
for
K
and
H+;
this
process
is
regulated
by
the
hormone
aldosterone
and
is
the
site
of
action
for
Antidiuretic
hormone
as
well
Juxtaglomerular
cells
-
answer-part
of
Juxtaglomerular
apparatus
(JGA)
that
is
a
collection
of
cells
that
monitor
renal
pressure
and
help
to
maintain
normal
GFR
through
the
release
of
RENIN
When
renal
perfusion
is
decreased
these
cells
release
renin
got
help
increase
GFR;
end
result
of
renin
is
the
release
of
angiotensin
II
which
constricts
the
efferent
arteriole
and
thus
increases
the
pressure
to
the
glomerulus
Macula
Densa
-
answer-part
of
JGA
that
is
a
group
of
epithelial
cells
located
in
the
distal
convoluted
tubule
that
are
in
close
contact
with
afferent
and
efferent
arterioles
5315
Exam
5
Renal
and
Repro
questions
with
correct
answers
2024
Inversly
-
answer-phosphorus
and
calcium
are
_______
related
Decreases,
increases
-
answer-Calcium
__________
in
renal
failure,
so
phosphorus
______________
Nephron
-
answer-Functions:
filtration,
reabsorption,
secretion
glomerular
filtration
-
answer-The
first
step
in
urine
formation
in
which
substances
in
blood
pass
through
the
filtration
membrane
and
the
filtrate
enters
the
proximal
convoluted
tubule
of
the
nephron.
Glomerular
filtration
rate
GFR
-
answer-amount
of
filtrate
formed
in
all
the
renal
corpuscles
of
both
kidneys
each
minute;
filtration
of
plasma
per
unit
of
time;
directly
related
to
the
perfusion
pressure
in
the
glomerular
capillaries;
filtrate
enters
proximal
tubule
@
125ml/min
proximal
convoluted
tubule
-
answer-first
section
of
the
renal
tubule
that
the
blood
flows
through;
Reabsorbs
all
the
glucose
and
reabsorbs
amino
acids,
most
of
the
HCO3,
a,
Cl,
phosphate,
K,
H20;
If
serum
glucose
is
>180
mg/dL,
the
renal
threshold
for
glucose
is
exceeded
and
results
in
glucosuria
and
damage
associated
with
DM;
When
stimulated
by
the
parathyroid
hormone,
this
tubule
excretes
phosphate;
The
site
of
action
for
angiotensin
II,
which
stimulates
Na,
H20,
and
Bicarb
reabsorption Descending
loop
of
Henle
-
answer-section
of
nephron
tubing
that
extends
from
proximal
tubule;
impermeable
to
Na,
passively
reabsorbs
water
and
concentrates
urine
ascending
loop
of
henle
-
answer-section
of
nephron
tubing
that
extends
from
descending
loop
of
henle;
actively
reabsorbs
Na,
K,
Cl;
Induces
the
reabsorption
of
magnesium
and
Ca
and
is
IMPEREABLE
to
water
->
making
the
urine
more
dilute
distal
convoluted
tubule
-
answer-Between
the
descending
loop
of
Henle
and
the
collecting
duct;
Selective
reabsorption
and
secretion
occur
here,
actively
reabsorbs
Na;
Impermeable
to
water,
making
urine
more
dilute;
Parathyroid
hormone
increases
Ca
reabsorption
here
Collecting
tubule
-
answer-Extends
from
the
distal
convoluted
tubule
and
connects
with
the
renal
pyramids;
Reabsorbs
Na
in
exchange
for
K
and
H+;
this
process
is
regulated
by
the
hormone
aldosterone
and
is
the
site
of
action
for
Antidiuretic
hormone
as
well
Juxtaglomerular
cells
-
answer-part
of
Juxtaglomerular
apparatus
(JGA)
that
is
a
collection
of
cells
that
monitor
renal
pressure
and
help
to
maintain
normal
GFR
through
the
release
of
RENIN
When
renal
perfusion
is
decreased
these
cells
release
renin
got
help
increase
GFR;
end
result
of
renin
is
the
release
of
angiotensin
II
which
constricts
the
efferent
arteriole
and
thus
increases
the
pressure
to
the
glomerulus
Macula
Densa
-
answer-part
of
JGA
that
is
a
group
of
epithelial
cells
located
in
the
distal
convoluted
tubule
that
are
in
close
contact
with
afferent
and
efferent
arterioles
