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Pathophysiology 2025 Exam 1 Rasmussen University Questions with 100% Correct Answers Verified Updated 2025 / 2026 $12.99
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Pathophysiology 2025 Exam 1 Rasmussen University Questions with 100% Correct Answers Verified Updated 2025 / 2026
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Pathophysiology 2025 Exam 1 Rasmussen University Questions with 100% Correct Answers Verified Updated 2025 / 2026

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  • February 1, 2024
  • 58
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • Pathophysiology
  • Pathophysiology

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Pathophysiology Exam 1 Rasmussen University

1. Stages of general adaptation syndrome: 1.

Alarm Initial reaction

Sympathetic nervous system



2. Resistanc

e

Adaptation

Limit

stressor



3. Exhaustion

Adaptation

failing Disease

develops

2. Edema: Excess fluid in the interstitial space

3. Dehydration (ECF volume deficit): Can occur independently without

electrolyte defects



,Decrease in fluid level leads to increase in level of

blood solutes Cell shrinkage

Hypotension

4. Hypovolemia or fluid volume deficit: Decreased fluid in the intravascular

space

5. Hypotonic Hydration: (fluid overload)

6. Causes of Fluid Deficit: Inadequate fluid intake



Poor oral intake

Inadequate IV fluid

replacement Excessive fluid

or sodium losses:

Gastrointestinal losses Excessive diaphoresis Prolonged

hyperventilation Hemor- rhage Nephrosis Diabetes mellitus Diabetes

insipidus Burns Open wounds Ascites Effusions Excessive use of

diuretics Osmotic diuresis

7. Deydration Manisfestations: thirst, altered level of consciousness,

hypotension, tachycardia, weak and thready pulse, flat jugular veins,

dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, oliguria, weight loss,



,and sunken fontanelles

8. Cancer Benign: Slow, progressive, localized, well defined, resembles

host (more differentiated), grows by expansion, does not usually cause

death

9. Cancer Malignant: Rapid growing, spreads (metastasis) quickly,

fatal, highly undifferentiated

10.Sodium: Normal range: 135-145 mEq/L.

•Most significant cation and prevalent electrolyte of extracellular fluid.

•Controls serum osmolality and water balance. Plays a role in acid-base

balance.






, •Facilitates muscles and nerve impulses.

•Main source is dietary intake.

•Excreted through the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract.

11.Hypernatremia: Sodium > 145

mEq/L Serum osmolarity increases

•Results in fluid shifts

12.Causes of Hypernatremia: Excessive sodium ingestion Hypertonic IV

saline (3% saline) administration

Cushing's

syndrome

Corticosteroid

use Diarrhea

Excessive sweating

Prolonged episode of

hyperventilation Diuretic use

Diabetes insipidus Decreased

water ingestion

Loss of thirst

sensation Inability

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