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A & P 2 Straighterline Final Exam (303 Questions) With All Correct Answers
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A & P 2 Straighterline Final Exam (303 Questions) With All Correct Answers
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A & P 2 Straighterline Final Exam (303 Questions)With All Correct Answers
When erythrocytes are destroyed, which of the following events occurs? – ANSWER: The globin
portion of the molecule is broken down into amino acids.
Type AB blood - ANSWER: has both A and B antigens on the red cells
In the platelet release reaction, - ANSWER: ADP and thromboxanes stimulate other platelets to
become activated.
The hematocrit is - ANSWER: d. the percentage of RBCs in a given volume of blood.
What vitamin is necessary to produce many clotting factors in the liver? - ANSWER: Vitamin K
A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of blood functioning in - ANSWER: a.
protection.
The oxygenated form of hemoglobin is called - ANSWER: oxyhemoglobin
The only formed elements that possess a nucleus when mature are the - ANSWER: c. leukocytes
Plasma - . ANSWER: is the liquid matrix of the blood.
An increased amount of heparin in the blood might - . ANSWER: prevent clotting process.
On which chromosome is there a mutation that leads to sickle cell anemia? - ANSWER: b. chromosome
11
Blood consists of a matrix of plasma and cells; blood is a subtype of ______ tissue. - ANSWER: e.
connective
The ability of white blood cells to leave the circulation and enter tissues is called - ANSWER: b.
diapedesis.
The nervous system and certain chemicals can cause the constriction of a blood vessel. This is known
as - ANSWER: b. vascular spasm
The cascade of events in the intrinsic pathway can be set into motion when _____ comes into contact
with collagen. - ANSWER: factor XII
If a blood buffer is absent, what function of the blood would be compromised? - ANSWER: regulation
of pH
What is tissue thromboplastin? - ANSWER: A compound released by damaged tissue that initiates the
extrinsic clotting pathway
A deficiency of which of the following stem cells would result in a marked increase in the clotting time
of blood? - ANSWER: megakaryoblast
Macrophages are derived from - ANSWER: monocytes
,Which of the following events is one of the three main stages of coagulation? - ANSWER: conversion of
fibrinogen to fibrin
The "pacemaker" of the heart is the - ANSWER: SA node
Where is blood moving during the period of ejection? - ANSWER: Ventricles to great vessels
The adult heart averages ___________ grams. - ANSWER: 250-300
The epicardium - ANSWER: covers the surface of the heart.
Energy for contraction of myocardial cells comes primarily from - ANSWER: aerobic respiration in the
mitochondria
What event(s) occur during the QRS complex of an ECG? - ANSWER: depolarization of the ventricles
and repolarization of the atria
The relationship between preload and stroke volume is known as - ANSWER: Starling Law of the
heart.
Cardiac muscle cells - ANSWER: are maintained by an extensive capillary network.
During the isovolumetric contraction period of the cardiac cycle, - ANSWER: AV and semilunar valves
are closed.
Pressure in the right ventricle must exceed pressure in the ____ before the right ventricle can eject
blood. - ANSWER: pulmonary trunk
In the cardiac cycle, - ANSWER: all four chambers of the heart are in diastole at the same time.
What cardiac arrhythmia will have no QRS complex as a symptom? - ANSWER: ventricular fibrillation
Which of the following is administered to the people suffering from myocardial infarction following
onset of symptoms? - ANSWER: Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)
Which of the following might increase the risk for cardiovascular disease? - ANSWER: chronic stress
Aortic stenosis results from - ANSWER: a narrowed opening through the aortic valve
An incompetent pulmonary semilunar valve could result in less blood reaching the - ANSWER: lungs
A patient has been diagnosed with mild heart disease. Tests show that some of the coronary arteries
are partially occluded. Which of the following is the best course of action to treat the disease? -
ANSWER: Angioplasty
Angina pectoris is chest pain caused by reduced - ANSWER: blood supply to cardiac muscle.
Coronary artery disease can diminish myocardial blood flow resulting in the death of myocardial
cells. This condition is known as a myocardial - ANSWER: infarction
What abnormal heart rhythm could be caused by an elevated body temperature, excessive
sympathetic stimulation, or toxic conditions? - ANSWER: tachycardia
Which type of vessel has the greatest compliance? - ANSWER: veins
, Which of the following thoracic organs is supplied by a parietal branch of the thoracic aorta? -
ANSWER: the intercostal muscles
Increased pressure in the aortic arch will activate the aortic arch reflex and cause - ANSWER:
increased parasympathetic stimulation of the heart.
According to Poiseuille's law, - ANSWER: if resistance increases, flow decreases
The vein that ascends along the medial side of the lower limb to the femoral vein is the ____ saphenous
vein and the vein that ascends along the posterior aspect of the leg to the popliteal vein is the _____
saphenous vein. - ANSWER: great; small
If someone has a blood pressure reading of 110/70 mm Hg, their pulse pressure would be - ANSWER:
40 mm Hg.
What is the most important means by which capillary exchange occurs? - ANSWER: diffusion
Which of the following statements about laminar blood flow is true? - ANSWER: The outermost layer
of blood experiences the greatest resistance to flow.
In capillary exchange, which of the following statements is true? - ANSWER: Most fluid that leaves the
arterial end of a capillary reenters the venous end of a capillary.
The exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of -
ANSWER: capillaries.
Resistance to blood flow is greatest in - ANSWER: arterioles
The major types of veins are ____________, ____________, and ______. - ANSWER: superficial veins, deep veins,
and sinuses
What are vasa vasorum? - ANSWER: Blood vessels that nourish the tunica adventitia and tunica media.
Which statement is CORRECT? - ANSWER: Veins contain valves and arteries do not.
Which of the following functions is associated with vessels that carry blood directly from arterioles to
veins without passing through capillaries? - ANSWER: thermoregulation
Which of the following organs would be most likely to contain fenestrated capillaries? - ANSWER:
kidney
Case study:
Dale Fremore was back home after spending the day at a picnic where he ate some "spoiled" potato
salad. He developed severe abdominal pain and cramps, vomiting, and diarrhea. After about ten to
twelve episodes of water diarrhea, Mr. Fremore became so pale and weak he could hardly walk. His
wife took him to the hospital where he was diagnosed with severe dehydration (decreased plasma
volume). Mr. Fremore was suffering from shock.
The body has several mechanisms that can come into play to try to maintain blood pressure and blood
flow when a person goes into shock.
Compensatory shock is characterized by a narrowed pulse pressure. Which of the following blood
pressure readings is an example of a narrowed pulse pressure? - . ANSWER: 92/64
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