Exam (elaborations)
NCTI END DIDACTIC STUDY GUIDE
- Course
- Institution
NCTI END DIDACTIC STUDY GUIDE
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Greaterheights
Reviews received
Content preview
NCTI END DIDACTIC STUDY GUIDEStimulation of glottis associated with intubation can cause _________ and increase
_______. - Answer- dysrhythmias; ICP
When preparing to use succinylcholine, what medication can be administered first in
order to decrease the incidence of bradycardia? - Answer- atropine
What are three signs of adequate paralysis? - Answer- apnea, laxity of mandible, and
loss of eyelash reflex
If intubation is not successful within 30 seconds, stop and ventilate for ______ to
________ seconds? - Answer- 30 to 60
Pediatrics have heads that are proportionally _______ than that of an adult; similarly, in
trauma _________ is the leading cause of death in pediatrics. - Answer- larger; TBI
In pediatrics, the narrowest part of airway is at level of _____________ below vocal
cords. - Answer- cricoid cartilage
In pediatrics, abdominal organs are situated more _________, so they're less protected
by ribs and closer together than adults. Liver and spleen are relatively large and extend
below ___________ in young children. - Answer- anteriorly; rib cage
In children the ____________ and ____________ are likely to be damaged in
handlebar injuries. - Answer- duodenum; pancreas
Bones in children are ___________ than ligaments/tendons, making fractures more
common than ___________. - Answer- weaker; sprains
In pediatrics, the chest wall is _________ (compared to that of an adult), and has
__________ musculature and subcutaneous fat to protect ribs and organs. - Answer-
thinner; less
Children have ___________ skin, __________ body surface area/weight ratio and less
fatty tissue; this contributes to ___________ risk of injury due to temperature extremes -
Answer- thinner; larger; increased
In geriatrics, vital capacity __________ and residual volume __________, so proportion
of air used in gas exchange __________. - Answer- decreases; increases; declines
What two main factors account for the increased risk of aspiration in geriatrics? -
Answer- decreased cough and gag reflex
, In geriatrics, the heart ______________ in response to chronically increase
___________ imposed by stiffened vessels. - Answer- hypertrophies (enlarges);
afterload
What occurs when aortic valve thickens which obstructs blood flow from left ventricle? -
Answer- aortic sclerosis
What are the two most common cause of visual disturbances in geriatrics? - Answer-
cataracts and glaucoma
What is the leading cause of death from infection in people over 65 years of age? -
Answer- pneumonia
Where does neural control of breathing originate? - Answer- in the brainstem (medulla
oblongata and pons)
What connects the medulla to the respiratory center? - Answer- the vagus nerve
What is the secondary center for ventilation if the medulla fails? - Answer- the apneustic
pons
Where are the three sets of chemoreceptors that affect respiratory function? - Answer-
in the carotid bodies, in the aortic arch, and the central chemoreceptors (in the medulla)
The process of loading O2 molecules into hemoglobin molecules in bloodstream. -
Answer- oxygenation
The process of exchanging O2 and CO2, allows body means of providing cells with O2
and disposing of waste. - Answer- respiration
The process of exchanging O2 and Co2 between alveoli and blood in pulmonary
capillaries. - Answer- external respiration
The exchange of O2 and CO2 between systemic circulation and cells of body (aka
cellular respiration). - Answer- internal respiration
Patients with COPD have difficulty eliminating CO2 thru exhalation, thus always have
higher levels of CO2. The __________ stimulates breathing when O2 levels
_________, instead of when CO2 levels rise. - Answer- hypoxic drive; fall
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) is a classic sign of what? - Answer- left-sided
heart failure
The amount of air moved in/out of respiratory tract during one breath. - Answer- tidal
volume
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Greaterheights. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75632 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now