Advanced Med Surg Exam 1 (ATI 24, 25, 26, 37, 47, 75)QUESTIOS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

Advanced Med Surg Exam 1 (ATI 24, 25, 26, 37, 47, 75)QUESTIOS AND CORRECT ANSWERS What medications are administered for PE patients? anticoagulants, direct factor Xa inhibitor, direct thrombin inhibitor, thrombolytic therapy What can a large embolus cause? hypoxia and impaired blood flow Expected findings for pneumo/hemothorax - anxiety/pleuritic pain - Manifestations of respiratory distress - Tracheal deviation (unaffected side) - reduced/absent breath sounds (affected side) -Asymmetrical chest wall movement -Dull percussion -Hyperresonance on percussion due to trapped air -SubQ emphysema (air gets into tissues under the skin) What is a pulmonary embolism? substance (solid, liquid, or gas) enters venous circulation and forms a blockage in pulmonary vasculature What is the difference between an emboli and embolus? Emboli is when its moving and embolus is when its stuck What is the most common cause of a PE? Emboli stemming from venous thromboembolism (aka dvt) What are other types of emboli? Fat, air, septic (bacterial invasion of thrombus), amniotic fluid True or False: a PE is a medical emergency True What is essential to allow a positive outcome for a PE? Prevention, rapid recognition, treatment How can you prevent a PE prior to ever having one? - smoking cessation - maintain appropriate weight - health diet - physical activity - leg exercises - compression stockings - avoid sitting for too long What are risk factors for a PE? - immobility - oral contraceptives - pregnancy - smoking - hyper-coagulability - varicose vens - obesity - surgery (orthopedic) - central venous catheters - heart failure - a fib - anemia (sickle cell) - long bone fractures - cancer - trauma - septicemia - age Why is a fib a risk factor?