Peds Quiz #3
Dehydration manifestations - ANSW dry mouth, poor skin turgor, if fontanel is open it would sink in (sunken fontanel), dry mucus membranes, thirst, poor urine output, dark urine, decreased body weight
how much % of weight is lost for severe dehydration - ANSW 10%
rehydration -...
Dehydration manifestations - ANSW dry mouth, poor skin turgor, if fontanel is open it
would sink in (sunken fontanel), dry mucus membranes, thirst, poor urine output, dark
urine, decreased body weight
how much % of weight is lost for severe dehydration - ANSW 10%
rehydration - ANSW Oral, How to measure desired effect
rehydration methods - ANSW IV fluids (normotonic), oral solution is an oral electrolyte
solution (specific to pediatrics so pedialyte or other pediatric solution), pedialyte
How to know we have rehydrated them: - ANSW increased urine output, lighter colored
urine, body weight (more reliable indicator for fluid loss in young children)
What is pyloric stenosis - ANSW - this disorder results in projectile vomiting during or
after a feeding. Occurs when the pyloric sphincter (from stomach to small intestine)
becomes thickened and smaller so food gets stuck in the stomach and can't empty into
the intestines
pyloric stenosis manifestations - ANSW -projectile vomiting very quickly after eating
-hungry all the time, -dehydration
-weight loss
- distended upper abdomen
-will be able to palpate an "olive shaped tumor" in the epigastric area
Once surgery done, will reintroduce food like Pedialyte & the protocol and volume
protocol.
enterocolitis - ANSW inflammation of the small and large intestines, causing diarrhea
Encopresis - ANSW a childhood disorder characterized by repeated defecating in
inappropriate places, such as one's clothing
Encopresis manifestations - ANSW liquid diarrhea due to severe constipation and
impaction also called fecal soiling
appendicitis - ANSW inflammation or infection of the appendix
, Appendicits s/s - ANSW rebound tenderness in right lower quadrant of abdomen,
rovsing's sign, abdominal pain starts in middle then travels to right lower quadrant,
vomiting, fever, nausea, constipation or diarrhea. Abdomen will get distended and rigid
perforated appendicitis - ANSW pain suddenly improves and then gets much worse due
to peritonitis
Appendicitis Treatment - ANSW antibiotics, make patient NPO in case of surgery, pain
meds,
nursing action for appendicitis - ANSW monitor for fever
what do you avoid giving in an appendicitis patient - ANSW laxatives & stool softeners
(don't want to promote peristalsis and don't want to irritate appendix even more)
intusseception - ANSW telescoping of the small bowels; part of the bowel curls in on
itself
intusseception manifestations - ANSW intermittent crying fits, stomach hurts, child will
curl up into a ball, bowels are elongating and shortening and elongating, red curry jelly
stools, RUQ pain, vomiting, tired, lethargic
-once prolonged can develop peritonitis s/s like inflammation & fever
what population does intussesception mainly occur in - ANSW most common in infant-
toddler age. can happen in adults but not common
Inguinal hernia - ANSW a hernia in which part of the intestine protrudes into the inguinal
canal. anytime the bowel comes out of the abdominal cavity, it will happen anywhere
thers a weakness. Usually, most common areas will see in infants is umbilical and
inguinal
common areas for inguinal hernia for infants - ANSW umbilical and inguinal
is inguinal hernias more common in infant males or females - ANSW males
how do you know someone had an inguinal hernia. - ANSW Will see a mass in the
scrotum, how large it is depends on how much of the intestines come out, anytime have
a hernia make sure its reducable: make sure you can push it back in (not forcefully push
it back in); concern is restriction of blood flow.
Hirschsprung disease - ANSW missing nerve cells in the muscles of part or all of the
large intestine (colon). causes difficulty in passing stool
first symptom of Hirschsprung disease - ANSW failure to pass for meconium stool within
48 hours of birth
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