Pharmacology Chapter 22 NCLEX Style Questions and answers

Pharmacology
Chapter
22
NCLEX
Style
Questions
The
patient
has
not
responded
to
other
oral
anticonvulsant
drug
therapy.
What
drug
would
the
nurse
expect
to
be
prescribed
for
this
patient?
A)
Carbamazepine
(Tegretol)
B)
Diazepam
(Valium)
C)
Ethosuximide
(Zarotin)
D)
Valproic
acid
-
ANSWER-A
The
patient
has
a
seizure
disorder
and
has
just
discovered
that
she
is
pregnant.
At
her
first
prenatal
visit,
she
tells
the
nurse,
"I
quit
taking
all
of
my
medication
because
I
don't
want
anything
to
be
wrong
with
my
baby."
What
is
the
nurse's
best
response?
A)
"You
can't
do
that.
You
have
to
take
your
medications."
B)
"What
medications
have
been
prescribed
for
you?"
C)
"How
long
have
you
had
seizures?"
D)
"When
was
your
last
seizure?"
-
ANSWER-B
Which
anticonvulsant(s)
is/are
classified
as
pregnancy
category
C?
(Select
all
that
apply)
A)
Acetazolamide
(Diamox)
B)
Carbamazepine
(Tegretol)
C)
Phenobarbital
D)
Pregabalin
(Lyrica)
E)
Topiramate
(Topamax)
-
ANSWER-A,
D
The
patient
has
just
been
diagnosed
with
epilepsy
and
will
be
starting
phenytoin.
The
patient's
spouse
asks
how
this
medication
works
in
the
body.
What
is
the
nurse's
best
response?
A)
"It
inhibits
the
enzyme
that
destroys
one
of
the
neurotransmitters."
B)
"It
helps
stop
the
entry
of
sodium
into
the
cell." C)
"It
has
not
been
determined
exactly
how
it
prevents
seizures."
D)
"It
increases
the
amount
of
calcium
that
enters
the
cell."
-
ANSWER-B
The
patient
has
been
diagnosed
with
a
seizure
disorder
and
has
been
started
on
valproic
acid.
What
statement(s)
by
the
patient
indicate(s)
to
the
nurse
that
the
patient
needs
more
instruction
regarding
his
medication?
(Select
all
that
apply)
A)
"I
just
have
to
remember
to
take
it
once
a
day."
B)
"I
have
to
take
it
with
lots
of
water."
C)
"I
need
to
take
it
at
the
same
time
every
day."
D)
"I
can't
think
drink
grapefruit
juice
anymore."
-
ANSWER-A,
B,
D
The
nurse
has
received
an
order
to
administer
an
initial
dose
of
IV
phenytoin
to
a
patient
with
new-onset
seizures.
What
will
the
nurse
check
before
administering
this
medication?
(Select
all
that
apply)
A)
Hourly
urine
output
B)
Blood
glucose
levels
C)
Cardiac
rhythm
D)
Blood
pressure
-
ANSWER-B,
C,
D
The
nurse
is
working
on
a
neurosurgery
unit.
The
patient
calls
the
desk
to
complain
that
his
arm
is
really
burning
and
feels
hot.
The
patient
is
receiving
IV
phenytoin
for
his
grand
mal
seizures.
What
is
the
nurse's
best
action?
A)
Call
the
health
care
provider
immediately
to
change
the
medication
to
oral
B)
Continue
the
infusion
and
reassure
the
patient
C)
Flush
the
line
with
10
mL
of
normal
saline
and
continue
the
infusion
D)
Discontinue
the
IV
and
restart
the
IV
infusion
in
a
different
site
-
ANSWER-D
A
patient
has
been
started
on
an
anticonvulsant
for
a
seizure
disorder
and
asks
how
long
he
will
need
to
take
the
medication.
What
is
the
nurse's
best
response?
A)
"You
will
need
to
take
an
anticonvulsant
of
some
type
for
your
lifetime."
B)
"The
medication
should
be
taken
until
you
haven't
had
a
seizure
for
a
month."
C)
"Seizures
are
unpredictable
and
so
is
the
duration
of
the
treatment."
D)
"You
will
only
need
to
take
it
for
a
short
period
of
time
because
anticonvulsants
will
cure
the
seizure
disorder."
-
ANSWER-A
Phenytoin
levels
must
be
monitored
carefully
as
there
is
a
narrow
therapeutic
range.
Which
result
is
within
therapeutic
range?