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140 Must Know NCLEX Meds questions with complete solution
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140 Must Know NCLEX Meds questions with complete solution
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140Must
Know
NCLEX
Meds
A l t e p l a s e
( t - P A )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
t h r o m b o l y t i c s
* I n d i c a t i o n * :
M I ,
a c u t e
i s c h e m i c
s t r o k e ,
o c c l u d e d
c e n t r a l
l i n e s
* A c t i o n * :
c o n v e r t s
p l a s m i n o g e n
t o
p l a s m i n
w h i c h
d e g r a d e s
t h e
f i b r i n
f o u n d
* N u r s i n g
C o n s i d e r a t i o n s * :
-
c o n t r a i n d i c a t e d
i n
a c t i v e
b l e e d i n g
- m o n i t o r
f o r
a n a p h y l a x i s
-
u s e
c a u t i o n
w i t h
u n c o n t r o l l e d
h y p e r t e n s i o n
A t o r v a s t a t i n
( L i p i t o r )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
l i p i d - l o w e r i n g
a g e n t
* I n d i c a t i o n * :
m a n a g e m e n t
o f
h i g h
c h o l e s t e r o l
( h y p e r c h o l e s t e r o l e m i a ) ,
p r i m a r y
p r e v e n t i o n
o f
c a r d i o v a s c u l a r
d i s e a s e
* A c t i o n * :
l o w e r s
t o t a l
c h o l e s t e r o l
a s
w e l l
a s
L D L
w h i l e
s l i g h t l y
i n c r e a s i n g
H D L .
I n h i b i t s
H M G - C o A
r e d u c t a s e
w h i c h
p l a y s
a
r o l e
i n
t h e
l i v e r
i n
c h o l e s t e r o l
f o r m a t i o n
* N u r s i n g
C o n s i d e r a t i o n s *
-
c o n t r a i n d i c a t e d
i n
a c t i v e
l i v e r
d i s e a s e
-
m a y
c a u s e
r h a b d o m y o l y s i s
-
m o n i t o r
s e r u m
c h o l e s t e r o l
-
m o n i t o r
l i v e r
f u n c t i o n
t e s t s ,
r e n a l
f u n c t i o n
A c e t a m i n o p h e n
( T y l e n o l )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
a n t i p y r e t i c ,
n o n - o p i o i d
a n a l g e s i c
* I n d i c a t i o n * :
p a i n ,
f e v e r
* A c t i o n * :
i n h i b i t
t h e
s y n t h e s i s
o f
p r o s t a g l a n d i n s
w h i c h
p l a y
a
r o l e
i n
t r a n s m i s s i o n
o f
p a i n
s i g n a l s
a n d
f e v e r
r e s p o n s e
* N u r s i n g
C o n s i d e r a t i o n s * :
-
d o
n o t
e x c e e d
4 g
o f
a c e t a m i n o p h e n
p e r
d a y
-
o v e r d o s e
w i l l
l e a d
t o
h e p a t o t o x i c i t y
-
* * A c e t a d o t e * * i s
t h e
a n t i d o t e
f o r
o v e r d o s e
-
m a y
i n c r e a s e
r i s k
f o r
b l e e d
w i t h
w a r f a r i n
t h e r a p y
A c y c l o v i r
( Z o v i r a x )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
a n t i v i r a l ,
p u r i n e
a n a l o g u e s * I n d i c a t i o n * : g e n i t a l
h e r p e s ,
h e r p e s
z o s t e r ,
c h i c k e n
p o x
* A c t i o n * :
i n t e r f e r e s
w i t h
v i r a l
D N A
s y n t h e s i s
* N u r s i n g
C o n s i d e r a t i o n s * :
-
m a y
c a u s e
s e i z u r e s ,
r e n a l
f a i l u r e ,
S t e v e n s - J o h n s o n
s y n d r o m e ,
t h r o m b o t i c
t h r o m b o c y t o p e n i c
p u r p u r a
s y n d r o m e ,
d i a r r h e a ,
d i z z i n e s s ,
n a u s e a
-
m o n i t o r
r e n a l
f u n c t i o n
-
a s s e s s
l e s i o n s
-
i n s t r u c t
p a t i e n t
t o
u s e
p r o p e r
p r o t e c t i o n
d u r i n g
s e x u a l
i n t e r c o u r s e
A l b u t e r o l
( P r o v e n t i l )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
b r o n c h o d i l a t o r
, a d r e n e r g i c
* I n d i c a t i o n * : b r o n c h o d i l a t o r
u s e d
t o
p r e v e n t
a i r w a y
o b s t r u c t i o n
i n
a s t h m a
a n d
C O P D
* A c t i o n * :
b i n d s
t o
B e t a 2
a d r e n e r g i c
r e c e p t o r s
i n
t h e
a i r w a y
l e a d i n g
t o
r e l a x a t i o n
o f
t h e
s m o o t h
m u s c l e s
i n
t h e
a i r w a y s
* N u r s i n g
C o n s i d e r a t i o n s * :
-
m a y
d e c r e a s e
t h e
e f f e c t i v e n e s s
o f
B e t a
B l o c k e r s
- u s e
c a u t i o n
w i t h :
h e a r t
d i s e a s e ,
d i a b e t e s ,
g l a u c o m a ,
s e i z u r e
d i s o r d e r
-
o v e r u s e
o f
i n h a l e r s
c a n
l e a d
t o
b r o n c h o s p a s m
-
m o n i t o r
f o r
c h e s t
p a i n
a n d
p a l p i t a t i o n s
-
c a n
d e c r e a s e
d i g o x i n
l e v e l s
A l e n d r o n a t e
( F o s a m a x )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
b o n e
r e s o r p t i o n
i n h i b i t o r ,
b i p h o s p h n a t e s
* I n d i c a t i o n * :
o s t e o p o r o s i s
( a g i n g ,
m e n o p a u s e ,
c o r t i c o s t e r o i d
i n d u c e d )
* A c t i o n * :
i n h i b i t s
o s t e o c l a s t
a c t i v i t y
l e a d i n g
t o
i n h i b i t i o n
o f
r e s o r p t i o n
o f
b o n e
* N u r s i n g
C o n s i d e r a t i o n s * :
-
t a k e
f i r s t
t h i n g
i n
t h e
m o r n i n g
w i t h
f u l l
g l a s s
o f
w a t e r
3 0
m i n
p r i o r
t o
e a t i n g
-
a s s e s s
s e r u m
c a l c i u m
a n d
v i t a m i n
D
-
m a y
l e a d
t o
m u s c l e
p a i n
A l p r a z o l a m
( X a n a x )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
b e n z o d i a z e p i n e ,
a n t i - a n x i e t y
a g e n t
* I n d i c a t i o n * : a n x i e t y ,
p a n i c
d i s o r d e r ,
m a n a g e
s y m p t o m s
o f
P M S ,
i n s o m n i a ,
m a n i a ,
p s y c h o s i s
* A c t i o n * :
w o r k s
i n
C N S
t o
p r o d u c e
a n x i o l y t i c
e f f e c t
c a u s i n g
C N S
d e p r e s s i o n .
* N u r s i n g
C o n s i d e r a t i o n s * :
-
m a y
c a u s e
C N S
d e p r e s s i o n ,
d r o w s i n e s s ,
l e t h a r g y
-
m a y
l e a d
t o
p h y s i c a l
d e p e n d e n c e -
a s s e s s
a n x i e t y
a n d
m e n t a l
s t a t u s
-
* F l u m a z e n i l *
i s
t h e
a n t i d o t e
f o r
o v e r d o s e
-
G r a p e f r u i t
j u i c e
m a y
i n c r e a s e
b l o o d
l e v e l s
A m i o d a r o n e
( C o r d a r o n e )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
A n t i a r r h y t h m i c
c l a s s
I I I ,
P o t a s s i u m
c h a n n e l
b l o c k e r
* I n d i c a t i o n * :
v e n t r i c u l a r
a r r h y t h m i a s ,
S V T ,
A C L S
p r o t o c o l
f o r
v - f i b
a n d
v T A C H
* A c t i o n * :
p r o l o n g s
a c t i o n
p o t e n t i a l ,
i n h i b i t s
a d r e n e r g i c
s t i m u l a t i o n ,
s l o w s
r a t e ,
d e c r e a s e s
p e r i p h e r a l
v a s c u l a r
r e s i s t a n c e
c a u s i n g
v a s o d i l a t i o n
* N u r s i n g
C o n s i d e r a t i o n s * :
-
m a y
l e a d
t o
A R D S ,
p u l m o n a r y
t o x i c i t y ,
C H F ,
b r a d y c a r d i a ,
h y p o t e n s i o n
-
i n c r e a s e s
r i s k
f o r
Q T
p r o l o n g a t i o n
-
i n c r e a s e s
d i g o x i n
l e v e l s
-
i n c r e a s e s
a c t i v i t y
o f
w a r f a r i n
-
m o n i t o r
E K G
-
a s s e s s
f o r
s i g n s
a n d
s y m p t o m s
o f
A R D S
-
m o n i t o r
l i v e r
f u n c t i o n
t e s t
-
c h e c k
d o s a g e
w i t h
a n o t h e r
R N
-
a v o i d
d r i n k i n g
g r a p e f r u i t
j u i c e
A m i t r y p t i l i n e
( E l a v i l )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
t r i c y c l i c
a n t i d e p r e s s a n t
* I n d i c a t i o n * :
d e p r e s s i o n ,
a n x i e t y ,
i n s o m n i a
* A c t i o n * :
i n c r e a s e s
e f f e c t
o f
s e r o t o n i n
a n d
n o r e p i n e p h r i n e
i n
t h e
C N S ,
e x h i b i t s
a n t i c h o l i n e r g i c
e f f e c t s
* N u r s i n g
C o n s i d e r a t i o n s * :
-
c o n t r a i n d i c a t e d
i n
M I ,
h e a r t
f a i l u r e ,
Q T
p r o l o n g a t i o n ,
g l a u c o m a
-
m a y
i n c r e a s e
r i s k
f o r
s u i c i d a l
i d e a t i o n
-
m a y
c a u s e
a r r h y t h m i a s ,
h y p o t e n s i o n ,
E K G
c h a n g e s
-
m a y
c a u s e
a l t e r a t i o n s
i n
b l o o d
g l u c o s e
l e v e l s
-
m a y
l e a d
t o
g e n e r a l
s e d a t i o n
a n d
l e t h a r g y
-
d o
n o t
u s e
w i t h i n
2
w e e k s
o f
M A O I s
-
m o n i t o r
f o r
o r t h o s t a t i c
h y p o t e n s i o n
-
m a y
l e a d
t o
p h o t o s e n s i t i v i t y ,
i n s t r u c t
p a t i e n t
t o
u s e
s u n s c r e e n
-
m a y
t u r n
u r i n e
b l u e / g r e e n
c o l o r
A m l o d i p i n e
( N o r v a s c )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
C a
c h a n n e l
b l o c k e r ,
a n t i h y p e r t e n s i v e
* I n d i c a t i o n * :
h y p e r t e n s i o n ,
a n g i n a * A c t i o n * :
b l o c k s
t r a n s p o r t
o f
c a l c i u m
i n t o
m u s c l e
c e l l s
i n h i b i t i n g
e x c i t a t i o n
a n d
c o n t r a c t i o n
* N u r s i n g
C o n s i d e r a t i o n s * :
-
m a y
c a u s e
g i n g i v a l
h y p e r p l a s i a
-
g r a p e f r u i t
j u i c e
m a y
i n c r e a s e
d r u g
l e v e l
-
m o n i t o r
b l o o d
p r e s s u r e
a n d
p u l s e
-
m o n i t o r
i n t a k e
a n d
o u t p u t
-
a s s e s s
f o r
s i g n s
o f
C H F
-
a s s e s s
c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s
o f
a n g i n a
-
i n s t r u c t
p a t i e n t
o f
i n t e r v e n t i o n s
f o r
h y p e r t e n s i o n
a n d
h o w
t o
t a k e
B P
A m o x i c i l l i n
( M o x a t a g )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
a n t i - i n f e c t i v e s ,
a n t i u l c e r
a g e n t ,
a m i n o p e n i c i l l i n s
* I n d i c a t i o n * :
s k i n
i n f e c t i o n s ,
r e s p i r a t o r y
i n f e c t i o n s ,
s i n u s i t i s ,
e n d o c a r d i t i s
p r o p h y l a x i s ,
l i m e
d i s e a s e
* A c t i o n * :
I n h i b i t s
s y n t h e s i s
o f
b a c t e r i a l
c e l l
w a l l
l e a d i n g
t o
c e l l
d e a t h .
* N u r s i n g
C o n s i d e r a t i o n s * :
-
C o n t r a i n d i c a t e d
w i t h
p e n i c i l l i n
a l l e r g y
-
m a y
c a u s e
s e i z u r e s
-
a s s e s s
f o r
r a s h ,
a n a p h y l a x i s
-
e x c r e t e d
b y
k i d n e y s
-
m o n i t o r
r e n a l
l a b s
-
m o n i t o r
p a t i e n t
f o r
d i a r r h e a
-
b l o o d y
s t o o l
s h o u l d
b e
r e p o r t e d
i m m e d i a t e l y
A m p i c i l l i n
( P r i n c i p e n )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
a m i n o p e n i c i l l i n ,
a n t i - i n f e c t i v e
* I n d i c a t i o n * :
s k i n
i n f e c t i o n s ,
s o f t
t i s s u e
i n f e c t i o n s ,
o t i t i s
m e d i a ,
s i n u s i t i s ,
r e s p i r a t o r y
i n f e c t i o n s ,
G U
i n f e c t i o n s ,
m e n i n g i t i s ,
s e p t i c e m i a
* A c t i o n * :
b a c t e r i c i d a l ,
b r o a d e r
s p e c t r u m
t h a n
p e n i c i l l i n ,
b i n d s
t o
c e l l
w a l l
l e a d i n g
t o
b a c t e r i a l
c e l l
d e a t h
* N u r s i n g
C o n s i d e r a t i o n s * :
-
c o n t r a i n d i c a t e d
i n
p e n i c i l l i n
a l l e r g y ,
u s e
c a u t i o n
i n
r e n a l
i n s u f f i c i e n c y
-
m a y
l e a d
t o
s e i z u r e s ,
d i a r r h e a ,
a n a p h y l a x e s ,
s u p e r
i n f e c t i o n
-
m o n i t o r
l i v e r
f u n c t i o n
t e s t s
-
i n s t r u c t
p a t i e n t
o n
s i g n s
o f
s u p e r
i n f e c t i o n :
f u r y
o v e r
g r o w t h
o n
t o n g u e ,
v a g i n a l
i t c h i n g ,
l o o s e
a n d
f o u l
s m e l l i n g
s t o o l
-
p t
s h o u l d
n o t
u s e
w i t h
o r a l
c o n t r a c e p t i v e
u s e .
A s p i r i n
( B a y e r
A s p i r i n )
-
A N S W E R - * c l a s s * :
a n t i p y r e t i c s ,
n o n - o p i o i d ,
a n a l g e s i c s
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