NURS 305-Week Nine Textbook Reading Notes Questions

what is a stroke? occurs when there is ischemia to a part of the brain or hemorrhage into the brain cerebral arteries carry blood to the brain and the brain needs a constant flow of oxygen to survive which arteries supply anterioir circulation? internal carotid arteries which arteries supply posterior circulation? vertebral arteries Which parts of the brain are supplied by the internal carotid arteries? frontal lobe parietal lobe temporal lobes basal ganglia part of the diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus) what are the major branches of the carotid arteries? middle cerebral arteries anterioir cerebral arteriesthe vertebral arteries join to form the basilar artery which branches to supply which part of the brain? middle and lower parts of temporal lobe occipital lobes cerebellum brainstem part of the diencephalon What is the main branch of the basilar artery? posterior cerebral artery image to help learn (WARNING THIS IMAGE MAKES ME SO NAUSEOUS) Where is anterioir and posterioir circulation connected? at the circle of willis by the anterior and posterioir communicating arteriesWhat is cerebral autoregulation? The mechanism by which the brain protects itself from changes in MAP by vasodilation and constriction. what are some factors that affect blood flow to the brain? systemic BP cardiac output blood viscosity DID YOU KNOW THE CEREBRAL ARTERIES CAN ALSO GET ATHEROSCLEROSIS? ITS THE EXACT SAME AS ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN THE HEART SO JUST MAKE SURE U KNOW IT FROM THAT AND YOU CAN TRANSFER THAT THINKING What is the ischemic cascade? Ishcemia--> Metabolic changes--> Diastolic dysfucntion-->Systolic dysfunction-- >Ekg changes-->chest pain what is penumbra? around the core area of ischemia and is a border zone where ischemia can potentially be reversed