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Modern Meaning Totality
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first-year political science lecture notes
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Politics-eg:
idea of being happy
modern meaning-totality :
•
-> consuming commodities
makes certain concepts appear natural when they are not— things
1st Semester
M
⑧
are made to be what they are.
• enabled modern disciplines to be understood all around.
knowledge does not recognise knowledge i t does founding father.
if noth ave a
western
• modern disciplinary knowledge= able to communicate with other who studied different
disciplines (eg: a poli sci student can communicate and understand a law student)
• transformed everything in the world + gave meaning in the world.
· "The Theory of the leisure class" -
Thorstein rebler
<inclusive ofeverything!!
-
modern consciousness
<larger than just one discipline
• knowledge that individuals assume
universal order of knowledge everyone knows or is consciously aware
of.
• modern consciousness in Europe=
• universally understandable/comprehensible emerges naturally while in other parts
language of political science or any discipline of the world, comes through
— everyone= those who studied your colonisation.
discipline + those who haven’t. • gives meaning to everything in the same
way (eg: emotions—people respond in
the same way)
• those who assume modern
consciousness= make it appear
universal— BUT IT IS NOT= what is
universal is the ability to decode others
/
Cultural Periods ↳
EUROP E
• prior to ‘modernity’= things were not thought how they are now.
• MODERN PERIOD— MEDIEVAL PERIOD—ANCIENT PERIOD[the demarcation t ime
of in European history]
"Pre-capitalist
• governing period in the medieval times was THE CHURCH + THE DIVINE RULERS (considered
Yings-queens
themselves to be GOD’s representatives on earth) MONARCHY
• THEOCRACY: hierarchy of the church + the monarchy.
, Great Chain of Being ‘meaning totality’ of the medieval period
TRANSCENDENTAL GOD • this was the hierarchy in the medieval period.
I
• those who govern/sat at the top :
1.
could do what they wanted with those/things at the
bottom.
man 2.
their authority was not to be questioned.
3.
certain questions were not permissible (eg:existential
questions)—answers were in scripture only they could
have access to.
animals/plants
• if these rules were not obeyed= people who broke the
rules were considered a ‘sacrilege’.
• answers ingrained in scripture could only be given by
non-living objects those who had the authority— knowledge was
preserved by + for those in power.
• ‘MAN’= misleading, as it was implied that everyone was included in it—but it had internal
differences prejudices
hierarchy= cosmic expression of God’s will—where men/males are at the top.
-
•
• CHRISTENDOM.
process of Transition
from medieval to modern
• triggers of transition in 1500:
Yolective
1. CARTESIAN REVOLUTION
rev.-all happened at the
2. SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION one
forces of
church
same time delegitimised and weakened the
+
enabled the other
3. RELIGIOUS REFORMATION
• originator of reason= Rene Descartes— ability to interpret scripture is not just for
nobles. white/European a concept
-> Martin Luther NOT king
• Luther= ability to interpret scripture is not just for the nobles/anyone can interpret it—
started to loosen the power of the church.
• PRIESTHOOD OF ALL= not just for church leaders.
closely related to the "scientificrer."
• Copernicus= we can explain everything in the world with mathematical precision (eg:was the
boughtexistential questions which were banned
world round or flat?)
...
• taxonomists= closely related to biologists (jobs were to name and categories every living
plant/animal— those categories are not natural.
• things given in nature= imposed by men!!
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