PALS EXAM TEST

PALS EXAM TEST Which oxygen delivery system most reliably delivers a high (90% or greater) concentration of inspired oxygen to a 7-year-old child? - ANSWER Nonrebreathing face mask Which statement is correct about the effects of epinephrine during attempted resuscitation? - ANSWER Epinephrine stimulates spontaneous contractions when asystole is present You are part of a team attempting to resuscitate a child with ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest. You delivered 2 unsynchronized shocks. A team member established IO access, so you give a dose of epinephrine, 0.01 mg/kg IO. At the next rhythm check, persistent ventricular fibrillation is present. You administer a 4-J/kg shock and resume CPR. Which drug and dose should be administered next. - ANSWER Amiodarone 5 mg/kg IO You are called to help treat an infant with severe symptomatic bradycardia (heart rate 66/min) associated with respiratory distress. The bradycardia persists despite establishment of an effective airway, oxygenation, and ventilation. There is no heart block present. Which is the first drug you should administer? - ANSWER Epinephrine A previously healthy infant with a history of vomiting and diarrhea is brought to the emergency department by her parents. During your assessment, you find that the infant responds only to painful stimulation. The infant's respiratory rate is 40 breaths per minute and central pulses are rapid and weak. The infant has good bilateral breath sounds, cool extremities, and capillary refill time of more than 5 seconds. The infant's blood pressure is 85/65 mm Hg, and glucose is 30 mg/dL (1.65 mmol/L). You administer 100% oxygen via face mask and start an IV. Which treatment is the most appropriate for this infant? - ANSWER Administer a bolus of isotonic crystalloid 20 mL/kg over 5 to 20 minutes, and also give D25W 2 to 4 mL/kg IV Which statement is correct about the use of calcium chloride in pediatric patients? - ANSWER Routine administration is not indicated during cardiac arrest Which statement is correct about endotracheal drug administration during resuscitative efforts for pediatric patients? - ANSWER It is the least desirable route of administration A 9-year-old boy is agitated and leaning forward on the bed in obvious respiratory distress. The patient is speaking in short phrases and tells you that he has asthma but does not carry an inhaler. He has nasal flaring, severe suprasternal and intercostal retractions, and decreased air movement with prolonged respiratory time and wheezing. You administer 100% oxygen by a nonrebreathing mask. His SpO2 is 92%. Which medication do you prepare to give to this patient? - ANSWER Albuterol Paramedics are called to the home of a 1-year-old child. Their initial assessment reveals a child who responds only to painful stimuli and has irregular breathing, faint central pulses, bruises over the abdomen, abdominal distention, and cyanosis. Bagmask ventilation with 100% oxygen is initiated. The child's heart rate is 36/min. Peripheral pulses cannot be palpated, and central pulses are barely palpable. The cardiac monitor shows sinus bradycardia. Two-rescuer CPR is started. Upon arrival to the emergency department, the child is intubated and ventilated with 100% oxygen, and IV access is established. The heart rate is no 150/min with weak central pulses but no distal pulses. Systolic blood pressure is 74 mm Hg. Which intervention should be provided next? - ANSWER Rapid bolus of 20ml/kg of isotonic crystalloid