Samenvatting van het vak Inleiding Recht
Eerste jaar, tweede semester.
Het gaat over verschillende soorten rechten: publiek recht, privaat recht, gemengde rechtstakken, internationaal recht, burgerlijk recht, gerechtelijk recht, strafrecht, ondernemingsrecht...
Contents
Deel 1: het recht en zijn bronnen...........................................................................................................6
Het begrip recht.....................................................................................................................................6
Recht is het geheel van bindende regels........................................................................................6
Recht moet de samenleving ordenen en in stand houden.............................................................6
Recht vereist gezag.........................................................................................................................6
Indeling van het recht.............................................................................................................................7
Algemeen...........................................................................................................................................7
Objectief ↔ subjectief recht.........................................................................................................7
Publiek recht.......................................................................................................................................7
Staatsrecht of grondwettelijk recht:...............................................................................................7
Het bestuurs- of administratief recht.............................................................................................8
Strafrecht Strafwetboek................................................................................................................8
Strafprocesrecht wetboek van strafvordering...............................................................................8
Privaatrecht........................................................................................................................................8
Burgerlijk recht...............................................................................................................................8
Ondernemingsrecht........................................................................................................................8
Vennootschapsrecht.......................................................................................................................8
Gerechtelijk privaatrecht gerechtelijk wetboek.............................................................................8
Internationaal privaatrecht wetboek IPR.......................................................................................8
Gemengde rechtstakken.....................................................................................................................8
Financieel recht..............................................................................................................................9
Sociaal recht...................................................................................................................................9
Intellectueel recht..........................................................................................................................9
Internationaal recht............................................................................................................................9
Volkenrecht....................................................................................................................................9
Supranationaal recht......................................................................................................................9
Bronnen van het recht............................................................................................................................9
Algemeen...........................................................................................................................................9
Materiële rechtsbronnen................................................................................................................9
Formele rechtsbronnen..................................................................................................................9
Deel 2: rechtstakken en hun basisbegrippen........................................................................................13
Het burgerlijk recht..............................................................................................................................13
Natuurlijke personen:...................................................................................................................13
Rechtspersonen............................................................................................................................13
, Rechtsfeiten, rechtshandelingen en rechtsgevolgen........................................................................13
Personenrecht..................................................................................................................................14
Naam............................................................................................................................................14
Geslacht........................................................................................................................................14
Nationaliteit..................................................................................................................................14
Afstamming..................................................................................................................................15
Woonplaats..................................................................................................................................15
Rechtsbekwaamheid en handelingsbekwaamheid.......................................................................15
Natuurlijke persoon......................................................................................................................15
Rechtspersoon..............................................................................................................................15
Familierecht......................................................................................................................................15
Huwelijk........................................................................................................................................15
Echtscheiding................................................................................................................................16
Afstamming..................................................................................................................................16
Wettelijke samenwoning..............................................................................................................17
Familiaal vermogensrecht................................................................................................................17
Huwelijksvermogensstelsel...........................................................................................................17
Niet-testamentair erfrecht...........................................................................................................18
Testament.....................................................................................................................................18
Verbintenissenrecht.........................................................................................................................19
Totstandkoming:...........................................................................................................................19
Begrip:..........................................................................................................................................19
Rechtshandelingen.......................................................................................................................19
Aansprakelijkheid.............................................................................................................................20
Algemeen (onrechtmatige daad)..................................................................................................20
Voorbeelden.................................................................................................................................22
Gerechtelijk recht.................................................................................................................................22
Begrip...............................................................................................................................................22
Fundamentele principes van het ‘recht spreken’.............................................................................23
Beginselen van het burgerlijk procesrecht....................................................................................23
Organisatie van de rechterlijke macht..............................................................................................23
Materiële bevoegdheid = inhoudelijke takenverdeling................................................................23
Territoriale bevoegdheid..............................................................................................................24
Overzicht van bevoegdheden.......................................................................................................24
Verloop van een gerechtelijk procedure..........................................................................................25
Overzicht......................................................................................................................................25
, Rechtsmiddelen............................................................................................................................25
Bewijsregeling..................................................................................................................................26
Bemiddeling......................................................................................................................................27
Het strafrecht/strafprocesrecht...........................................................................................................27
Strafrechtelijk legaliteitsbeginsel......................................................................................................27
Algemene bepalingen.......................................................................................................................27
Misdrijven.........................................................................................................................................27
Bestanddelen................................................................................................................................28
Poging en deelneming..................................................................................................................28
Verzwarende en verzachtende omstandigheden.........................................................................28
Vooronderzoek.................................................................................................................................29
Opsporingsonderzoek olv het openbaar ministerie......................................................................29
Gerechtelijk onderzoek olv de onderzoeksrechter.......................................................................29
Onderzoek ter terechtzitting............................................................................................................30
Rechterlijke organisatie in het strafprocesrecht...........................................................................30
Verdachte, inverdenkinggestelde, beklaagde, beschuldigde........................................................31
Vonnisfase....................................................................................................................................31
Straf..................................................................................................................................................32
Strafontmoeting, enkele begrippen..............................................................................................32
Internering....................................................................................................................................32
Het Belgische staatsbestel....................................................................................................................33
Gemeenschappen en gewesten........................................................................................................33
De wet..............................................................................................................................................34
Soorten.........................................................................................................................................34
Het verdrag...................................................................................................................................34
De grondwet.................................................................................................................................34
De federale wet............................................................................................................................34
Het decreet...................................................................................................................................35
De ordonnantie.............................................................................................................................35
Volmachtwet................................................................................................................................35
Het KB...........................................................................................................................................35
De besluiten van de deelregeringen.............................................................................................35
Het MB en de besluiten van de staatsecretarissen.......................................................................35
Normen uitgevaardigd dr de gecentraliseerde besturen..............................................................35
Normenhiërarchie bij de wet in ruime zin....................................................................................36
De democratische rechtstaat............................................................................................................36
, De scheiding der machten................................................................................................................36
Wetgevende macht (WM)............................................................................................................36
Uitvoerende macht (UM)..............................................................................................................37
Rechterlijke macht (RM)...............................................................................................................37
Het Belgische federalisme................................................................................................................38
De gemeenten en de provincies.......................................................................................................39
Algemeen......................................................................................................................................39
Provincies.....................................................................................................................................39
Gemeenten...................................................................................................................................39
Ondernemingsrecht..............................................................................................................................39
Begrip...............................................................................................................................................39
Voorwaarden en bewijsregeling.......................................................................................................40
Basisbegrippen.................................................................................................................................40
Vennootschapsrecht.........................................................................................................................41
Besloten vennootschap (BV).........................................................................................................42
Naamloze vennootschap (NV)......................................................................................................43
Coöperatieve vennootschap (CV).................................................................................................43
Personenvennootschap (maatschap)...........................................................................................43
Economisch recht.........................................................................................................................44
Fiscaal recht..........................................................................................................................................44
Begrip...............................................................................................................................................44
Grondwettelijke beginselen..............................................................................................................45
Basisbegrippen materieel fiscaal recht.............................................................................................45
Inkomstenbelasting......................................................................................................................45
Indirecte belasting........................................................................................................................46
Internationaal recht..............................................................................................................................46
Europese Unie (EU)...........................................................................................................................46
De Europese Commissie...............................................................................................................48
Het Europees Parlement...............................................................................................................48
De Raad van de Europese Unie.....................................................................................................48
Hof van Justitie (Luxemburg)........................................................................................................49
Raad van Europa...............................................................................................................................49
De Verenigde Naties (VN).................................................................................................................50
Veiligheidsraad.............................................................................................................................50
Secretariaat en Secretaris-generaal..............................................................................................50
Internationaal gerechtshof (ICJ)....................................................................................................50
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller moiralauwers. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.80. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
