NURS 142 FINAL E XAM AND MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A What are you looking for when inspecting the head? - ANSWER >>>size, shape, symmetry, deformities, facial symmetry, facial expression, skin color, erect, proportional to body size. look at hair for color and hygiene What are you looking for when palpating the head? - ANSWER >>>texture of hair, infestations, masses, lesions, and mobility What are you looking for when inspecting the neck? - ANSWER >>>trachea (midline), lesions, fullness of neck, swelling, erythema, and ROM when laterally turning head What are you looking for when palpating the neck? - ANSWER >>>the ROM in shoulders when shrugging against resistance What are you looking for when inspecting the lymph nodes? - ANSWER >>>redness and swelling What is the expected finding when palpating th e lymph nodes? - ANSWER >>>non palpable and no tenderness What is the unexpected finding when palpating lymph nodes and what would you assess? - ANSWER >>>palpable: size, shape, symmetry, temperature, mobility, character, consistency, and tenderness What are the lymph nodes of the head? - ANSWER >>>pre auricular, post auricular, occipital, tonsiller, submandibular, submental, anterior cervical chain, posterior cervical chain, and supraclavicular Where is the pre auricular lymph node? - ANSWER >>>in front of the ear Where is the post auricular lymph node? - ANSWER >>>behind the ear Where is the occipital lymph node? - ANSWER >>>base of the skull Where is the tonsillar lymph node? - ANSWER >>>by tonsils, the angle of the mandible Where is the submandibu lar lymph node? - ANSWER >>>under the mandible Where is the sub mental lymph node? - ANSWER >>>under the chin Where are the anterior cervical chain lymph nodes? - ANSWER >>>in the front of the side of the neck Where are the posterior cervical chain lymp h nodes? - ANSWER >>>in the back of the side of the neck Where are the supra -clavicular lymph nodes? - ANSWER >>>just above the clavicle (shrug shoulders to reach them) What are you looking for when inspecting the nose? - ANSWER >>> if its midline, symmetrical, skin smooth, no swelling, no lesions, color consistent with facial complexion, nares patent, and no drainage What are you looking for when inspecting the external part of the mouth? - ANSWER >>>symmetry, lip color, moisture, l esions, and oral competency What are you looking for when inspecting the internal part of the mouth? - ANSWER >>>color and moisture of buccal mucosa, floor of mouth, and gums general appearance of the teeth: how many, alignment, dental work, color, signs of decay, dentures and fit, and abnormal odor color and intactness of hard and soft palate uvula lift, midline and symmetry of uvula and tongue general salivary flow What is the scale for grading tonsils? - ANSWER >>>+1 pillar +2 beyond pillar +3 see them +4 touching What is halitosis? - ANSWER >>>bad breath What is anosmia? - ANSWER >>>loss of smell How can anosmia affect the elderly? - ANSWER >>>can happen with dementia. decreases appetite and overall food intake What are you looking for when inspect ing the eyes? - ANSWER >>>symmetry, alignment of outer canthus with pinna of ears, obvious deformities, eye shape and symmetry, clarity of cornea, color of sclera, clarity of conjunctiva, color and symmetry of iris, fullness and symmetry of eyelashes and e yebrows, ability to close eyelids all the way while blinking and symmetry, and drooping What is ptosis? - ANSWER >>>eyelid drooping What are you looking for when palpating the eyes? - ANSWER >>>if the orbits are tender and if the lacrimal apparatus is te nder or swollen What chart is used to measure distance vision? - ANSWER >>>snellen chart What chart is used to measure near vision? - ANSWER >>>jaeger chart How can color blindness be tested? - ANSWER >>>on the snellen chart What does the corneal light reflex test test for? - ANSWER >>>strabismus What are you looking for when performing the corneal light reflex test? - ANSWER >>>symmetry of reflection of light on the cornea What test would you perform if the patient was stra bismus positive? - ANSWER >>>cover/uncover test What is strabismus? - ANSWER >>>lazy eye What are you looking for when performing the six cardinal fields of gaze? - ANSWER >>>symmetry and smoothness of the eye and no nystagmus What is nystagmus? - ANSWE R >>>involuntary shakiness of eyes What are you looking for when performing the pupillary reflex test? - ANSWER >>>size, shape, symmetry, direct pupillary constriction and accommodation, PERRLA What is the expected finding after performing the pupillary reflex test? - ANSWER >>>consensual response What does PERRLA stand for? - ANSWER >>>pupils equal, round, reactive to light, and accommodation What does a dead retina indicate? - ANSWER >>>blindness What does intraocular mean? - ANSWER >>>the lens and b ack What does extra ocular mean? - ANSWER >>>in front of the lens
