NR507 week 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100 VERIFIED A GUARANTEED
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Course
NU1426
Institution
NU1426
NR507 week 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED A+ GUARANTEED
Why are infants susceptible to significant losses in total body water(TBW)?
When thirst is experienced, how are Osmoreceptors activated?
What is the major determinant of the resting membrane potential necessary for transmission of ne...
NR507 week 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% VERIFIED A+ GUARANTEED
1). Why are infants susceptible to significant losses in total body water(tbw)?
Ans: Because an infant kidneys are not mature enough to count the fluid losses
2). When thirst is experienced, how are osmoreceptors activated?
Ans: By an increase in the osmotic pressure of the plasma
Thirst is experienced when water loss equals 2% of an individual's body weight or when
there is an increase in osmolality. Dry mouth, hyperosmolality, and plasma volume
depletion activate Osmoreceptors (neurons located in the hypothalamus are stimulated
by increased osmolality)
3). What is the major determinant of the resting membrane potential necessary for
transmission of nerve impulses?
Ans: The ratio between intracellular K+ and extracellular K+
The ratio of K + in the ICF to K + in the ECF is the major determinant as a resting
membrane potential, which is necessary for the transmission and conduction of nerve
impulses, maintenance of normal cardiac rhythms, and skeletal and smooth muscle
contraction
4). Physiologic ph is maintained around 7.4 because bicarbonate (hco3)and carbonic acid
(h2co3)exist in a ratio of
Ans: 20:1
5). What are indications of dehydration?
Ans: Tachycardia and weight loss
Marked water deficit is manifested by symptoms of dehydration: headache, thirst, dry skin
and mucous membranes, elevated temperature, weight loss, and decreased or
concentrated urine (with the exception of diabetes insipidus ).Skin turgor may be normal
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, or decreased. Symptoms of hypovolemia , including tachycardia, with pulses, and postural
hypotension May be present
6). Chvostek sign and trousseau sign indicate
Ans: Hypocalcemia
7). How does the loss of chloride doing vomiting cause metabolic alkalosis?
Ans: Loss of chloride causes retention of bicarbonate to maintain the anion balance
When acid losses caused by vomiting with depletion of ECF and chloride, renal
compensation is not very effective because the volume depletion and lots of electrolytes
simulate a paradoxical response by the kidneys. The kidneys increase sodium and
bicarbonate reabsorption with excretion of hydrogen. Bicarbonate is ribs are up to
maintain an anionic balance because the ECF chloride concentration is decreased
8). In ards, alveoli and respiratory bronchioles fill with fluid as a result of the:
Ans: activation of surfactant in the impairment of type two alveolar cells
Lung formation and injury damages the alveolar epithelium and the vascular endothelium.
Surfactant is an activated, and it's production by type II alveolar cells is impaired as alveoli
and respiratory bronchioles fill with fluid or collapse
9). Which plural abnormality involves the site of plearle ruptured that act as a one-way valve,
permitting air to enter on inspiration by preventing its
escape by closing during expiration?
Ans: Tension pneumothorax
Tension pneumothorax, this site of pleural rupture acts as a one-way valve, permitting air
to enter on inspiration but preventing its escape by closing up during expiration. As more
and more air enters the plural space, air pressure in the pneumothorax begins to exceed
barometric pressure
10). Kussmaul respirations may be characterized as a respiratory pattern:
Ans: With a slightly increased ventilatory rate, large tidal volumes, and no expiratory
pause
11).
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