Chapter 1 The American Pageant 16th Edition EXAM with complete verified solutions

nation-state A sovereign state (kings and/or queens) inhabited by a relatively homogeneous (similar) group of people who share a feeling of common nationality. Originated in . three-sister farming A farming technique used in North America before exploration; beans grew on the trellis of the corn stalks and squash covered the planting mounds to retain moisture in the soil. Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:15 Full screen planation The process whereby an irregular land surface is leveled by erosion. Originated Columbian Exchange A widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, human populations, communicable disease, and ideas between the American, and Afro-Eurasian hemispheres following the voyage to the Americas by Christopher Columbus in 1492. The term was coined by Alfred W. Crosbey in 1972. Widespread exchange of crops like maize, potatoes, and tomatoes. Treaty of Tordesillas An agreement between Portugal and Spain which declared that newly discovered land to the west of an imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean would belong to Spain, and the new land to the east belongs to Portugal. Signed June 7, 1494 encomienda The system, instituted in 1503, under which a Spanish soldier or colonist was granted a tract of land, or a village, along with its Indian inhabitants. Originated in mestizos A person of mixed racial or ethnic ancestry. Especially in Latin America, of mixed American Indian and European descent, or, in the Philippines, of a mixed native and foreign descent. Originated in Battle of Acoma fight between Spanish ( under rule of Don Juan de Onate) and the Pueblo Indians in present-day New Mexico. The Spanish won and crushed the Indians and established the territory as New Mexico in 1609. Pope's Rebellion Spain enslaved Natives if they said they were trying to convert their religion to Christianity. This was called encomienda. The rebellion was staged by the Pueblo Indians in 1680, and they fought for freedom. Black Legend a style of propaganda that criticizes the Spanish Empire. Was first described by Julian Juderias in book, "The Black Legend and Historical Truth". He said that the Spanish were cruel, bigoted, and self-righteous in excess of reality. Bartolome de Casas Was a Spanish priest who tried to abolish Native American slavery in Spain. He gave up his encomienda in 1514. Wrote the famous pamphlet "Brief Report on the Destruction of the Indians" (1542). His writing was popular in the 19th century by Nationalists who sought indepedence from Spain. Hernan Cortez Lived from , and as the Spanish conqueror of Mexico, and overthrew the Aztec Empire. Moctezuma () Ruled the Aztecs from . Best known for his expansion of their Empire, his building projects. Demanded many sacrifices a year to their god, Huitzilopochtli. Giovanno Caboto (John Cabot) Was born in 1450. Made a voyage in 1497 on "The Matthew" and claimed land in Canada, mistaking it for Asia. He "died" in 1499, but really, in 1499 he went missing at sea and was never seen after.