FA Davis Maternity Ch. 25 questions and answer Graded A+.

FA Davis Maternity Ch. 25 questions and answer Graded A+. The nurse is caring for a client whose uterine contractions are irregular and of low amplitude, and the dilatation of the cervix is less than 1 cm per hour. The nurse recognizes this pattern as: a. Hypotonic labor. b. Tachysystole labor. c. Arrest of descent. d. Normal labor. - correct answer.A. Hypotonic labor. Rationale: Hypotonic labor is characterized by fewer than 2-3 contractions in a 10-minute period. Dysfunctional contractions are typically irregular in strength, timing, or both. These irregular uterine contractions often arrest cervical dilatation. Arrest of descent refers to lack of change in fetal station. Hypertonic labor is ineffectual uterine contractions of poor quality in the latent phase with increasing resting tone. Normal labor is characterized by regular contractions of moderate amplitude with a regular pattern of cervical change. The nurse is reviewing the complications of breech presentation in preparation for a prepared childbirth class. Which of the fetal/neonatal risks associated with breech presentation should she include? Select all that apply. a. Birth trauma. b. Prolapsed cord. c. Gestational diabetes. d. Macrosomia. - correct answer.A., B., Prolapsed cord. Birth trauma. Rationale: Risks associated with breech presentation include: • Higher perinatal morbidity and mortality rates; • Increased risk of prolapsed cord, especially in incomplete breeches (because space is available between the cervix and presenting part); • Increased risk of cervical cord injuries due to hyperextension of the fetal head during vaginal birth; and • Increased risk of birth trauma (especially of the head) during either vaginal or cesarean breech birth. Macrosomia is not related to breech presentation. Gestational diabetes is not a fetal/neonatal risk, and is not related to breech presentation. A nurse is admitting a laboring client with a breech presentation to the birthing unit. Where is the most appropriate place for the nurse to auscultate for fetal heart tones? a. Below the umbilicus. b. Lower right maternal quadrant. c. Above the umbilicus. d. Midline of the umbilicus. - correct answer.C. Above the umbilicus. Rationale: Auscultate for fetal heart tones above the umbilicus for a breech presentation, below the umbilicus for a cephalic presentation. The nurse is performing a pelvic exam on a laboring client, and discovers a loop of cord in the vagina. What is the priority nursing action? a. Place client in a side-lying position to increase perfusion. b. Call the physician or nurse-midwife for emergency delivery. c. Push the presenting part upward off the umbilical cord. d. Administer oxygen at 5 L per minute per face mask. - correct answer.C. Push the presenting part upward off the umbilical cord. Rationale: If a loop of cord is discovered, the examiner must provide firm pressure on the fetal presenting (to relieve compression) until the fetus is delivered. Administering oxygen at 5 L per minute, calling the physician or nurse-midwife, and placing the client in a side-lying position are appropriate actions but not the priority nursing action.