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NUR 265 Exam 1 Latest Update Verified 107 Questions And Answers

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NUR 265 Exam 1 Latest Update 2023/2024 Verified 107 Questions And Answers. What is nephrotic syndrome? What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what? What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? Describe the "risk" stage...

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  • March 5, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
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NUR 265 Exam 1 Latest Update 2023/2024
Verified 107 Questions And Answers.

1). What is nephrotic syndrome?

 Ans: A condition of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger molecules to
pass through the membrane into the urine and then be excreted.


2). What are key features of nephrotic syndrome?

 Ans: -*Massive proteinuria*
-*Hypoalbuminemia*
-*Edema (facial and periorbital)*
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagulation
-Reduced kidney function


3). In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what?

 Ans: 3.5g in 24 hours


4). What is nephrotic syndrome treated with?

 Ans: -immunosuppressant agents (if immunity based).
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney function)


5). Describe the "risk" stage for aki

 Ans: creatinine x 1.5 of normal, and GFR reduced by 25%


6). Describe the "injury" stage for aki

 Ans: creatinine x2 & GFR reduced by 50%



Describe the "failure" stage for aki


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, 7).
 Ans: creatinine x3 normal, & GFR reduced by 75% (Cant fix)


8). Describe prerenal aki. give examples.

 Ans: Decreased perfusion to kidneys.

-NSAIDs
-Severe dehydration
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss


9). Describe intrarenal aki. give examples.

 Ans: Tissue damage to the actual kidneys.

-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephritis


10). Describe postrenal aki. give examples.

 Ans: Obstruction that occurs after the kidney.

-Enlarged prostate (BPH)
-Bladder Cancer
-Kidney stones


11). How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (map)?

 Ans: Systolic + (Diastolic*2) /3


12). What is the map needed to perfuse the kidneys?

 Ans: 65 mmHg


13). What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs?

 Ans: -NSAIDS
-Metformin



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, -Diuretics
-Antibiotics (especially -mycin)
-Contrast dye


14). During the diuretic phase of aki, what needs to be monitored?

 Ans: Watch for dehydration and make sure output is greater than input


15). What are the dietary restrictions for an aki patient?

 Ans: -Low protein
-Low sodium
-Fluid restriction: 1000-1500mL day (for anything except perfusion problem)


16). What are the 2 most common causes of ckd?

 Ans: -HTN
-Uncontrolled diabetes


17). What is azotemia?

 Ans: Nitrogenous waste build up


18). What are manifestations of uremia?

 Ans: •Metallic taste in mouth
•Anorexia
•Nausea/vomiting
•Muscle cramps
•Uremic frost on skin
•Itching
•Fatigue and lethargy
•Hiccups
•Edema
•Dyspnea
•Paresthesia's




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